Hi All,
I am trying to run OpenFAST simulations of the IEA 15MW RWT using the Mann turbulence model. To achieve that, I used Bladed to generate Mann wind files, which I fed to OpenFAST by setting WindType=7 in InflowWind’s input file. However, when running the simulation, I encountered the following error in the InflowWind module initialization:
Running InflowWind.
Reading a 49x49 grid (260 m wide, 0 m to 300 m above ground) with a characteristic wind speed
of 8 m/s.
FAST_InitializeAll:InflowWind_Init:IfW_Bladed_Init:Bladed_ReadGrids: Error reading binary data
file. ic = 4, ir = 0, it = 7498, nsteps = 8193
OpenFAST encountered an error during module initialization.
Simulation error level: FATAL ERROR
Aborting OpenFAST.
I cannot determine the cause of this error. Any help would be greatly appreciated. The InflowWind input file and the required scaling file are provided below for reference.
Thank you for your assistance,
Hadi
------- InflowWind v3.01.* INPUT FILE ----------------------------------------------------------------------
IEA 15 MW Offshore Reference Turbine
--------break--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
False Echo - Echo input data to .ech (flag)
7 WindType - switch for wind file type (1=steady; 2=uniform; 3=binary TurbSim FF; 4=binary Bladed-style FF; 5=HAWC format; 6=User defined; 7=native Bladed FF)
0.0 PropagationDir - Direction of wind propagation (meteoroligical rotation from aligned with X (positive rotates towards -Y) – degrees)
0.0 VFlowAng - Upflow angle (degrees) (not used for native Bladed format WindType=7)
False VelInterpCubic - Use cubic interpolation for velocity in time (false=linear, true=cubic) [Used with WindType=2,3,4,5,7]
1 NWindVel - Number of points to output the wind velocity (0 to 9)
0.0 WindVxiList - List of coordinates in the inertial X direction (m)
0.0 WindVyiList - List of coordinates in the inertial Y direction (m)
150.0 WindVziList - List of coordinates in the inertial Z direction (m)
================== Parameters for Steady Wind Conditions [used only for WindType = 1] =========================
10.0 HWindSpeed - Horizontal windspeed (m/s)
150.0 RefHt - Reference height for horizontal wind speed (m)
0.12 PLexp - Power law exponent (-)
================== Parameters for Uniform wind file [used only for WindType = 2] ============================
“none” Filename_Uni - Filename of time series data for uniform wind field. (-)
150.0 RefHt_Uni - Reference height for horizontal wind speed (m)
240.0 RefLength - Reference length for linear horizontal and vertical sheer (-)
================== Parameters for Binary TurbSim Full-Field files [used only for WindType = 3] ==============
“none” FileName_BTS - Name of the Full field wind file to use (.bts)
================== Parameters for Binary Bladed-style Full-Field files [used only for WindType = 4] =========
“BladedScaling.dat” FilenameRoot - Rootname of the full-field wind file to use (.wnd, .sum)
False TowerFile - Have tower file (.twr) (flag)
================== Parameters for HAWC-format binary files [Only used with WindType = 5] =====================
“none” FileName_u - name of the file containing the u-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
“none” FileName_v - name of the file containing the v-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
“none” FileName_w - name of the file containing the w-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
64 nx - number of grids in the x direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
32 ny - number of grids in the y direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
32 nz - number of grids in the z direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
16.0 dx - distance (in meters) between points in the x direction (m)
3.0 dy - distance (in meters) between points in the y direction (m)
3.0 dz - distance (in meters) between points in the z direction (m)
150.0 RefHt_Hawc - reference height; the height (in meters) of the vertical center of the grid (m)
------------- Scaling parameters for turbulence ---------------------------------------------------------
2 ScaleMethod - Turbulence scaling method [0 = none, 1 = direct scaling, 2 = calculate scaling factor based on a desired standard deviation]
1.0 SFx - Turbulence scaling factor for the x direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
1.0 SFy - Turbulence scaling factor for the y direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
1.0 SFz - Turbulence scaling factor for the z direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
1.2 SigmaFx - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in x direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
0.8 SigmaFy - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in y direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
0.2 SigmaFz - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in z direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
------------- Mean wind profile parameters (added to HAWC-format files) ---------------------------------
12.0 URef - Mean u-component wind speed at the reference height (m/s)
2 WindProfile - Wind profile type (0=constant;1=logarithmic,2=power law)
0.2 PLExp_Hawc - Power law exponent (-) (used for PL wind profile type only)
0.03 Z0 - Surface roughness length (m) (used for LG wind profile type only)
0 XOffset - Initial offset in +x direction (shift of wind box) (-)
================== LIDAR Parameters ===========================================================================
0 SensorType - Switch for lidar configuration (0 = None, 1 = Single Point Beam(s), 2 = Continuous, 3 = Pulsed)
0 NumPulseGate - Number of lidar measurement gates (used when SensorType = 3)
30 PulseSpacing - Distance between range gates (m) (used when SensorType = 3)
0 NumBeam - Number of lidar measurement beams (0-5)(used when SensorType = 1)
-200 FocalDistanceX - Focal distance co-ordinates of the lidar beam in the x direction (relative to hub height) (only first coordinate used for SensorType 2 and 3) (m)
0 FocalDistanceY - Focal distance co-ordinates of the lidar beam in the y direction (relative to hub height) (only first coordinate used for SensorType 2 and 3) (m)
0 FocalDistanceZ - Focal distance co-ordinates of the lidar beam in the z direction (relative to hub height) (only first coordinate used for SensorType 2 and 3) (m)
0.0 0.0 0.0 RotorApexOffsetPos - Offset of the lidar from hub height (m)
17 URefLid - Reference average wind speed for the lidar[m/s]
0.25 MeasurementInterval - Time between each measurement [s]
False LidRadialVel - TRUE => return radial component, FALSE => return ‘x’ direction estimate
1 ConsiderHubMotion - Flag whether to consider the hub motion’s impact on Lidar measurements
====================== OUTPUT ==================================================
False SumPrint - Print summary data to .IfW.sum (flag)
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
Wind1VelX
Wind1VelY
Wind1VelZ
END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)
Scaling File: BladedScaling.dat
UBAR 8
REFHT 150
TI 0.033333
TI_V 0.026667
TI_W 0.016667
WDIR 0
FLINC 0
WINDF “wind8_v08-00_s0123_615sec.wnd”
WSHEAR .14
XOFFSET 0