Linearization issue using Fast V7.02

Dear Jason,

Thanks for your reply.

  1. I want to use PMSG generator model, what needs to be done for linearization? (Considering that the dynamics of the generator is too fast comparing to the turbine aerodynamical equations so the generator model can not much effect the linearization, right?)

  2. If I want to find the ‘‘MPP Rotational Speed’’ for linearization around it, it is better to find the optimal value of the Tips Speed Ratio (TSR) (For example for 10kW turbine, Optimal TSR is 5.6) and then find the optimal value of the rotational speed for every wind speed (according to : TSR = (Radius*Rotation Speed)/Wind Speed) or find it according to the Power-Rotational Speed curves?
    I would be appreciated to advice me on this.

Kind regards,
Babak

Dear Babak,

Here are my answers to your questions:

  1. As far as FAST and its linearization are concerned, likely the most important feature to capture is the slope of the generator torque versus generator speed curve. You can likely use the simple inputs to the SIG model to capture the correct torque-speed relationship.

  2. I’m not sure I fully understand your question, but I would think the result from either approach would be the same if done consistently.

Best regards,

Dear Jason,

I have linearized the 10kW wind turbine at 11.5 m/s wind speed (rated wind speed) around optimal rotational speed which is calculated as below:
Optimal Rotor Speed = (Optimal TSR * Wind Speed)/Radius = 22.20689 rad/sec
in which the Optimal TSR for the 10kW wind turbine is 5.6 and Radius = 2.9m. I have fixed the pitch angle to its optimal value, 7.5° and only the GenDOF is active and the Rotor speed is set to 22.20689.
The primary input file and the linearization output file are as below:

[code]This linearized model file was generated by FAST (v7.02.00d-bjj, 20-Feb-2013) on 23-Apr-2020 at 02:41:32.
The aerodynamic calculations were made by AeroDyn (v13.00.02a-bjj, 20-Feb-2013).

FAST certification Test #17: FAST model of a SWRT 3-bladed upwind turbine. Note- SWRT rotates in CCW direction- some inputs will be mirror image of the actual turbine.

Some Useful Information:

Type of steady state solution found Trimmed generator torque (TrimCase = 2)
Azimuth-average rotor speed, RotSpeed (rad/s) 2.22069E+01
Period of steady state solution (sec) 2.82939E-01
Iterations needed to find steady state solution 253
Displacement 2-norm of steady state solution (rad) 4.47321E-03
Velocity 2-norm of steady state solution (rad/s) 2.46429E-03
Number of equally-speced azimuth steps, NAzimStep 36
Order of linearized model, MdlOrder 1
Number of active (enabled) DOFs 1 ( 2 states)
Number of control inputs, NInputs 1
Number of input wind disturbances, NDisturbs 0
Number of output measurements 1

Order of States in Linearized State Matrices:

Row/column 1 = Variable speed generator DOF (internal DOF index = DOF_GeAz)
Row/column 2 to 2 = First derivatives of row/column 1 to 1.

Order of Control Inputs in Linearized State Matrices:

Column 1 = electrical generator torque (N·m) 4.36029E+02 op

Order of Input Wind Disturbances in Linearized State Matrices:

None selected

Order of Output Measurements in Linearized State Matrices:

Row 1 = LSSTipV (rpm)
[/code]

[code]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------- FAST INPUT FILE --------------------------------------------------------
FAST certification Test #17: FAST model of a SWRT 3-bladed upwind turbine. Note- SWRT rotates in CCW direction- some inputs will be mirror image of the actual turbine.
Model properties from “SWRTv1p2.adm” and SWRT “AdamsWT_MakeBladeDat_v12.xls”. JEM Jan., 2004. Updated by J. Jonkman, NREL, Feb, 2004. Compatible with FAST v7.02.00.
---------------------- SIMULATION CONTROL --------------------------------------
False Echo - Echo input data to “echo.out” (flag)
3 ADAMSPrep - ADAMS preprocessor mode {1: Run FAST, 2: use FAST as a preprocessor to create an ADAMS model, 3: do both} (switch)
2 AnalMode - Analysis mode {1: Run a time-marching simulation, 2: create a periodic linearized model} (switch)
3 NumBl - Number of blades (-)
300 TMax - Total run time (s)
0.001 DT - Integration time step (s)
---------------------- TURBINE CONTROL -----------------------------------------
0 YCMode - Yaw control mode {0: none, 1: user-defined from routine UserYawCont, 2: user-defined from Simulink/Labview} (switch)
9999.9 TYCOn - Time to enable active yaw control (s) [unused when YCMode=0]
0 PCMode - Pitch control mode {0: none, 1: user-defined from routine PitchCntrl, 2: user-defined from Simulink/Labview} (switch)
9999.9 TPCOn - Time to enable active pitch control (s) [unused when PCMode=0]
0 VSContrl - Variable-speed control mode {0: none, 1: simple VS, 2: user-defined from routine UserVSCont, 3: user-defined from Simulink/Labview} (switch)
9999.9 VS_RtGnSp - Rated generator speed for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (rpm) [used only when VSContrl=1]
9999.9 VS_RtTq - Rated generator torque/constant generator torque in Region 3 for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (N-m) [used only when VSContrl=1]
9999.9 VS_Rgn2K - Generator torque constant in Region 2 for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (N-m/rpm^2) [used only when VSContrl=1]
9999.9 VS_SlPc - Rated generator slip percentage in Region 2 1/2 for simple variable-speed generator control (%) [used only when VSContrl=1]
1 GenModel - Generator model {1: simple, 2: Thevenin, 3: user-defined from routine UserGen} (switch) [used only when VSContrl=0]
True GenTiStr - Method to start the generator {T: timed using TimGenOn, F: generator speed using SpdGenOn} (flag)
True GenTiStp - Method to stop the generator {T: timed using TimGenOf, F: when generator power = 0} (flag)
9999.9 SpdGenOn - Generator speed to turn on the generator for a startup (HSS speed) (rpm) [used only when GenTiStr=False]
0.0 TimGenOn - Time to turn on the generator for a startup (s) [used only when GenTiStr=True]
9999.9 TimGenOf - Time to turn off the generator (s) [used only when GenTiStp=True]
1 HSSBrMode - HSS brake model {1: simple, 2: user-defined from routine UserHSSBr, 3: user-defined from Labview} (switch)
9999.9 THSSBrDp - Time to initiate deployment of the HSS brake (s)
9999.9 TiDynBrk - Time to initiate deployment of the dynamic generator brake [CURRENTLY IGNORED] (s)
9999.9 TTpBrDp(1) - Time to initiate deployment of tip brake 1 (s)
9999.9 TTpBrDp(2) - Time to initiate deployment of tip brake 2 (s)
9999.9 TTpBrDp(3) - Time to initiate deployment of tip brake 3 (s) [unused for 2 blades]
9999.9 TBDepISp(1) - Deployment-initiation speed for the tip brake on blade 1 (rpm)
9999.9 TBDepISp(2) - Deployment-initiation speed for the tip brake on blade 2 (rpm)
9999.9 TBDepISp(3) - Deployment-initiation speed for the tip brake on blade 3 (rpm) [unused for 2 blades]
9999.9 TYawManS - Time to start override yaw maneuver and end standard yaw control (s)
9999.9 TYawManE - Time at which override yaw maneuver reaches final yaw angle (s)
0.0 NacYawF - Final yaw angle for yaw maneuvers (degrees)
9999.9 TPitManS(1) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 1 and end standard pitch control (s)
9999.9 TPitManS(2) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 2 and end standard pitch control (s)
9999.9 TPitManS(3) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 3 and end standard pitch control (s) [unused for 2 blades]
9999.9 TPitManE(1) - Time at which override pitch maneuver for blade 1 reaches final pitch (s)
9999.9 TPitManE(2) - Time at which override pitch maneuver for blade 2 reaches final pitch (s)
9999.9 TPitManE(3) - Time at which override pitch maneuver for blade 3 reaches final pitch (s) [unused for 2 blades]
7.5 BlPitch(1) - Blade 1 initial pitch (degrees)
7.5 BlPitch(2) - Blade 2 initial pitch (degrees)
7.5 BlPitch(3) - Blade 3 initial pitch (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
7.5 BlPitchF(1) - Blade 1 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees)
7.5 BlPitchF(2) - Blade 2 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees)
7.5 BlPitchF(3) - Blade 3 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
---------------------- ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS --------------------------------
9.81 Gravity - Gravitational acceleration (m/s^2)
---------------------- FEATURE FLAGS -------------------------------------------
False FlapDOF1 - First flapwise blade mode DOF (flag)
False FlapDOF2 - Second flapwise blade mode DOF (flag)
False EdgeDOF - First edgewise blade mode DOF (flag)
False TeetDOF - Rotor-teeter DOF (flag) [unused for 3 blades]
False DrTrDOF - Drivetrain rotational-flexibility DOF (flag)
True GenDOF - Generator DOF (flag)
False YawDOF - Yaw DOF (flag)
False TwFADOF1 - First fore-aft tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwFADOF2 - Second fore-aft tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwSSDOF1 - First side-to-side tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwSSDOF2 - Second side-to-side tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
True CompAero - Compute aerodynamic forces (flag)
False CompNoise - Compute aerodynamic noise (flag)
---------------------- INITIAL CONDITIONS --------------------------------------
0.0 OoPDefl - Initial out-of-plane blade-tip displacement (meters)
0.0 IPDefl - Initial in-plane blade-tip deflection (meters)
0.0 TeetDefl - Initial or fixed teeter angle (degrees) [unused for 3 blades]
0.0 Azimuth - Initial azimuth angle for blade 1 (degrees)
212.061 RotSpeed - Initial or fixed rotor speed (rpm)
0.0 NacYaw - Initial or fixed nacelle-yaw angle (degrees)
0.0 TTDspFA - Initial fore-aft tower-top displacement (meters)
0.0 TTDspSS - Initial side-to-side tower-top displacement (meters)
---------------------- TURBINE CONFIGURATION -----------------------------------
2.90 TipRad - The distance from the rotor apex to the blade tip (meters)
0.303 HubRad - The distance from the rotor apex to the blade root (meters)
1 PSpnElN - Number of the innermost blade element which is still part of the pitchable portion of the blade for partial-span pitch control [1 to BldNodes] [CURRENTLY IGNORED] (-)
0.0 UndSling - Undersling length [distance from teeter pin to the rotor apex] (meters) [unused for 3 blades]
0.1536 HubCM - Distance from rotor apex to hub mass [positive downwind] (meters)
-0.7456 OverHang - Distance from yaw axis to rotor apex [3 blades] or teeter pin [2 blades] (meters)
-0.2307 NacCMxn - Downwind distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
0.0910 NacCMyn - Lateral distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
0.5475 NacCMzn - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
34.0 TowerHt - Height of tower above ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] (meters)
0.515112 Twr2Shft - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the rotor shaft (meters)
0.0 TwrRBHt - Tower rigid base height (meters)
-8.0 ShftTilt - Rotor shaft tilt angle (degrees). Negative for an upwind rotor.
0.0 Delta3 - Delta-3 angle for teetering rotors (degrees) [unused for 3 blades]
0.0 PreCone(1) - Blade 1 cone angle (degrees)
0.0 PreCone(2) - Blade 2 cone angle (degrees)
0.0 PreCone(3) - Blade 3 cone angle (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
0.0 AzimB1Up - Azimuth value to use for I/O when blade 1 points up (degrees)
---------------------- MASS AND INERTIA ----------------------------------------
0.0 YawBrMass - Yaw bearing mass (kg)
260.5 NacMass - Nacelle mass (kg)
113.0 HubMass - Hub mass (kg)
0.0 TipMass(1) - Tip-brake mass, blade 1 (kg)
0.0 TipMass(2) - Tip-brake mass, blade 2 (kg)
0.0 TipMass(3) - Tip-brake mass, blade 3 (kg) [unused for 2 blades]
39.81 NacYIner - Nacelle inertia about yaw axis (kg m^2)
0.5 GenIner - Generator inertia about HSS (kg m^2)
7.71 HubIner - Hub inertia about rotor axis [3 blades] or teeter axis [2 blades] (kg m^2)
---------------------- DRIVETRAIN ----------------------------------------------
100.0 GBoxEff - Gearbox efficiency (%)
100.0 GenEff - Generator efficiency [ignored by the Thevenin and user-defined generator models] (%)
1.0 GBRatio - Gearbox ratio (-)
False GBRevers - Gearbox reversal {T: if rotor and generator rotate in opposite directions} (flag)
9999.9 HSSBrTqF - Fully deployed HSS-brake torque (N-m)
9999.9 HSSBrDT - Time for HSS-brake to reach full deployment once initiated (sec) [used only when HSSBrMode=1]
“unused” DynBrkFi - File containing a mech-gen-torque vs HSS-speed curve for a dynamic brake [CURRENTLY IGNORED] (quoted string)
9999.9 DTTorSpr - Drivetrain torsional spring (N-m/rad)
9999.9 DTTorDmp - Drivetrain torsional damper (N-m/(rad/s))
---------------------- SIMPLE INDUCTION GENERATOR ------------------------------
9999.9 SIG_SlPc - Rated generator slip percentage (%) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_SySp - Synchronous (zero-torque) generator speed (rpm) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_RtTq - Rated torque (N-m) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_PORt - Pull-out ratio (Tpullout/Trated) (-) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
---------------------- THEVENIN-EQUIVALENT INDUCTION GENERATOR -----------------
9999.9 TEC_Freq - Line frequency [50 or 60] (Hz) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9998 TEC_NPol - Number of poles [even integer > 0] (-) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_SRes - Stator resistance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_RRes - Rotor resistance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_VLL - Line-to-line RMS voltage (volts) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_SLR - Stator leakage reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_RLR - Rotor leakage reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_MR - Magnetizing reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
---------------------- PLATFORM ------------------------------------------------
0 PtfmModel - Platform model {0: none, 1: onshore, 2: fixed bottom offshore, 3: floating offshore} (switch)
“unused” PtfmFile - Name of file containing platform properties (quoted string) [unused when PtfmModel=0]
---------------------- TOWER ---------------------------------------------------
10 TwrNodes - Number of tower nodes used for analysis (-)
“SWRT_Tower.dat” TwrFile - Name of file containing tower properties (quoted string)
---------------------- NACELLE-YAW ---------------------------------------------
0.0 YawSpr - Nacelle-yaw spring constant (N-m/rad)
0.0 YawDamp - Nacelle-yaw damping constant (N-m/(rad/s))
0.0 YawNeut - Neutral yaw position–yaw spring force is zero at this yaw (degrees)
---------------------- FURLING -------------------------------------------------
False Furling - Read in additional model properties for furling turbine (flag)
“SWRT_Furl.dat” FurlFile - Name of file containing furling properties (quoted string) [unused when Furling=False]
---------------------- ROTOR-TEETER --------------------------------------------
0 TeetMod - Rotor-teeter spring/damper model {0: none, 1: standard, 2: user-defined from routine UserTeet} (switch) [unused for 3 blades]
0.0 TeetDmpP - Rotor-teeter damper position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0.0 TeetDmp - Rotor-teeter damping constant (N-m/(rad/s)) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0.0 TeetCDmp - Rotor-teeter rate-independent Coulomb-damping moment (N-m) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0.0 TeetSStP - Rotor-teeter soft-stop position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0.0 TeetHStP - Rotor-teeter hard-stop position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0.0 TeetSSSp - Rotor-teeter soft-stop linear-spring constant (N-m/rad) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0.0 TeetHSSp - Rotor-teeter hard-stop linear-spring constant (N-m/rad) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
---------------------- TIP-BRAKE -----------------------------------------------
0.0 TBDrConN - Tip-brake drag constant during normal operation, CdArea (m^2)
0.0 TBDrConD - Tip-brake drag constant during fully-deployed operation, Cd
Area (m^2)
0.0 TpBrDT - Time for tip-brake to reach full deployment once released (sec)
---------------------- BLADE ---------------------------------------------------
“SWRT_Blade.dat” BldFile(1) - Name of file containing properties for blade 1 (quoted string)
“SWRT_Blade.dat” BldFile(2) - Name of file containing properties for blade 2 (quoted string)
“SWRT_Blade.dat” BldFile(3) - Name of file containing properties for blade 3 (quoted string) [unused for 2 blades]
---------------------- AERODYN -------------------------------------------------
“Test17L_AD.ipt” ADFile - Name of file containing AeroDyn input parameters (quoted string)
---------------------- NOISE ---------------------------------------------------
“unused” NoiseFile - Name of file containing aerodynamic noise input parameters (quoted string) [used only when CompNoise=True]
---------------------- ADAMS ---------------------------------------------------
“SWRT_ADAMS.dat” ADAMSFile - Name of file containing ADAMS-specific input parameters (quoted string) [unused when ADAMSPrep=1]
---------------------- LINEARIZATION CONTROL -----------------------------------
“SWRT_Linear.dat” LinFile - Name of file containing FAST linearization parameters (quoted string) [unused when AnalMode=1]
---------------------- OUTPUT --------------------------------------------------
True SumPrint - Print summary data to “.fsm” (flag)
1 OutFileFmt - Format for tabular (time-marching) output file(s) (1: text file [.out], 2: binary file [.outb], 3: both) (switch)
True TabDelim - Use tab delimiters in text tabular output file? (flag)
“ES10.3E2” OutFmt - Format used for text tabular output (except time). Resulting field should be 10 characters. (quoted string) [not checked for validity!]
10.0 TStart - Time to begin tabular output (s)
8 DecFact - Decimation factor for tabular output {1: output every time step} (-)
1.0 SttsTime - Amount of time between screen status messages (sec)
0.0 NcIMUxn - Downwind distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
0.0 NcIMUyn - Lateral distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
0.0 NcIMUzn - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
0.1 ShftGagL - Distance from rotor apex [3 blades] or teeter pin [2 blades] to shaft strain gages [positive for upwind rotors] (meters)
0 NTwGages - Number of tower nodes that have strain gages for output [0 to 9] (-)
0 TwrGagNd - List of tower nodes that have strain gages [1 to TwrNodes] (-) [unused if NTwGages=0]
0 NBlGages - Number of blade nodes that have strain gages for output [0 to 9] (-)
0 BldGagNd - List of blade nodes that have strain gages [1 to BldNodes] (-) [unused if NBlGages=0]
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutList.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
“LSSTipV”

END of FAST input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last line).

[/code]

I calculated the power through multiplying rotor speed and generator torque at operating point which the linearization has been done (MPP). I expected it to be 10 kW because the rated wind speed (11.5m/s) has been considered but it is 9.682 kW. I would be appreciated to let me know what could be the problem?
(Generator and gearbox efficiencies are 1)

Kind regards,
Babak

Dear Babak,

I’m not too familiar with the design details of the SWRT turbine model, which it appears that you are using, to confirm all of your numbers (e.g., the optimal TSR and pitch), but I would guess that the SWRT FAST model does not predict 10 kW at the conditions are you simulating. You may want to start be using FAST in the time-domain mode to calculate the steady-state power (and perhaps torque) as a function of wind speed and pitch angle to understand what to expect through the FAST linearization (steady-state operating point / trim) process.

Best regards,

Dear Jason,

Thanks for your reply.
The values for optimal TSR and pitch angle are correct. Generator torque has trimmed to obtain the linearized model of the turbine at the optimal rotational speed (MPP). Only GenDOF is active.
The rated wind speed for 10kW wind turbine is 11.5 m/s so If we linearize the turbine at the optimal rotor speed (in the MPP) under 11.5 m/s wind speed, the calculated power according to the linarization output file should be 10kW but it is lees than 10kW. If you look at the linearization output file in my previous post, the rotational speed*torque is 9.682kW.
Even for the other wind speeds, less than the rated value, it is the same. the obtained power does not match with the MPP according to the linearization output file.

All the bests,
Babak

Der Babak,

As I said, this FAST model does not appear to predict a power of 10 kW at the conditions you’ve simulated. I would recommend using FAST in the time-domain mode to calculate the steady-state power (and perhaps torque) as a function of wind speed and pitch angle to understand what to expect through the FAST linearization (steady-state operating point / trim) process.

Best regards,

Dear Jason,

Thanks for your helps.
I searched the forum about the linearization and in one of your posts you have mentioned:

Please let me know, can it be the reason why the calculated power through linearization around MPP is less than the expected value?
Because the calculated torque through linearization is the torque value for TSR below the optimal TSR for the Cpmax.

Best regards,
Babak

Dear Babak,

I would not expect this characteristic of most Cq and Cp versus TSR curves to be the cause of the issue you are seeing. I think the FAST model simply predicts a lower power than you are expecting. I would verify this through time-domain simulations, independent from a linearization analysis.

Best regards,

Dear Jason,

Thanks for your reply.
I tried this:
I disabled all DOFs and I set the rotor speed to its optimal value through equation below and setting the TSR to its optimal value = 5.6.
TSR = Rotor radius * Rotor speed/wind speed
Considering 10m/s wind speed, the optimal rotor speed is 184.4 rpm.
I obtained “RtTSR”, “RtAeroCp”, and “RtAeroPwr” from AeroDyn. However, TSR value is 5.65, Cp is 0.391 and RtAeroPwr is 6.15 kW.
I expected that the Cp to be its optimal velue (0.422).
Please let me know what could be the reason?

Kind regards,
Babak

Dear Babak,

I’m not an expert on this SWRT model. I would try repeating this analysis at different TSR and pitch angle values to obtain the Cp surface.

Best regards,

Dear Jason,

I have obtained the Cp surface for different TSR and pitch angle values. I already know that the optimal TSR is 5.6 and optimal pitch angle is 7.5 degrees and Cpmax is 0.422.
In my previous post I obtained the optimal rotor speed for 10m/s wind speed and set it to my FAST input file as the rotor speed and because all of the DOFs are disabled, the rotor speed will remain at its optimal value during the simulation.
Naturally the TSR and Cp values from the simulations should match the values mentioned above but they are not!!
It is the same case for 1.5 MW turbine as well, not only SWRT case considered above.
The mentioned matter can cause that my linearization from FAST at MPP not to be correct. because I set the rotor speed to its calculated optimal value (from optimal TSR value). But what is the reason for that?
Again this is the same problem with 1.5 MW turbine

I would appreciated to help me with this? Because I am not expert with FAST.

All the bests,

Dear Babak,

I’m not understanding. Are you saying that for the same TSR and pitch, FAST is giving you different results for different wind speeds (equating to different rotor speeds because TSR is the same), even with all structural DOFs disabled?

Best regards

Dear Jason,

Sorry if my explanations were not clear enough. let me explain it as below:

–At first, when we want to know the optimal value of TSR and Cpmax for every wind turbine, we disable all DOFs and obtain Cp value for different wind speeds and different pitch angle values. According to the Cp curves, we find the optimal TSR and pitch angle values in which Cp is maximum.
For 1.5MW turbine optimal TSR is 7 and optimal pitch is 2.6°. and for 10 kW turbine, optimal TSR is 5.6 and optimal pitch angle is 7.5°. They are surely correct.

– Next, I calculate the rotor speed at MPP as below:
rotor speed at MPP = (Optimal TSR * Wind speed) / Rotor radius
and then I linearize the turbine at this rotational speed.
Before doing linearization, when I set rotor speed to its optimal value (at MPP) and disable all DOFs, the obtained TSR and Cp values through simulation do not match to their optimal values, specially Cp!! but why?! what could be the problem?

Best regards,

Dear Babak,

So, can you share two sets of FAST input files that you expect to produce the same result, but don’t?

Best regards,

Dear Jason,

The files of the 10kW turbine is as below (Wind speed is 10m/s), I will post 1.5MW turbine separately.

–10kW

Primary input file:

------- FAST v8.16.* INPUT FILE ------------------------------------------------ FAST Certification Test #17: SWRT 3-bladed upwind turbine with many DOFs, variable speed control, free yaw, tail-furl, FF turbulence ---------------------- SIMULATION CONTROL -------------------------------------- False Echo - Echo input data to <RootName>.ech (flag) "FATAL" AbortLevel - Error level when simulation should abort (string) {"WARNING", "SEVERE", "FATAL"} 60 TMax - Total run time (s) 0.001 DT - Recommended module time step (s) 2 InterpOrder - Interpolation order for input/output time history (-) {1=linear, 2=quadratic} 0 NumCrctn - Number of correction iterations (-) {0=explicit calculation, i.e., no corrections} 99999 DT_UJac - Time between calls to get Jacobians (s) 1E+06 UJacSclFact - Scaling factor used in Jacobians (-) ---------------------- FEATURE SWITCHES AND FLAGS ------------------------------ 1 CompElast - Compute structural dynamics (switch) {1=ElastoDyn; 2=ElastoDyn + BeamDyn for blades} 1 CompInflow - Compute inflow wind velocities (switch) {0=still air; 1=InflowWind; 2=external from OpenFOAM} 2 CompAero - Compute aerodynamic loads (switch) {0=None; 1=AeroDyn v14; 2=AeroDyn v15} 1 CompServo - Compute control and electrical-drive dynamics (switch) {0=None; 1=ServoDyn} 0 CompHydro - Compute hydrodynamic loads (switch) {0=None; 1=HydroDyn} 0 CompSub - Compute sub-structural dynamics (switch) {0=None; 1=SubDyn} 0 CompMooring - Compute mooring system (switch) {0=None; 1=MAP++; 2=FEAMooring; 3=MoorDyn; 4=OrcaFlex} 0 CompIce - Compute ice loads (switch) {0=None; 1=IceFloe; 2=IceDyn} ---------------------- INPUT FILES --------------------------------------------- "SWRT/Test17_ElastoDyn.dat" EDFile - Name of file containing ElastoDyn input parameters (quoted string) "unused" BDBldFile(1) - Name of file containing BeamDyn input parameters for blade 1 (quoted string) "unused" BDBldFile(2) - Name of file containing BeamDyn input parameters for blade 2 (quoted string) "unused" BDBldFile(3) - Name of file containing BeamDyn input parameters for blade 3 (quoted string) "SWRT/Test17_InflowWind.dat" InflowFile - Name of file containing inflow wind input parameters (quoted string) "SWRT/SWRT_AeroDyn15.dat" AeroFile - Name of file containing aerodynamic input parameters (quoted string) "SWRT/Test17_ServoDyn.dat" ServoFile - Name of file containing control and electrical-drive input parameters (quoted string) "unused" HydroFile - Name of file containing hydrodynamic input parameters (quoted string) "unused" SubFile - Name of file containing sub-structural input parameters (quoted string) "unused" MooringFile - Name of file containing mooring system input parameters (quoted string) "unused" IceFile - Name of file containing ice input parameters (quoted string) ---------------------- OUTPUT -------------------------------------------------- True SumPrint - Print summary data to "<RootName>.sum" (flag) 1 SttsTime - Amount of time between screen status messages (s) 99999 ChkptTime - Amount of time between creating checkpoint files for potential restart (s) 0.008 DT_Out - Time step for tabular output (s) (or "default") 10 TStart - Time to begin tabular output (s) 1 OutFileFmt - Format for tabular (time-marching) output file (switch) {1: text file [<RootName>.out], 2: binary file [<RootName>.outb], 3: both} True TabDelim - Use tab delimiters in text tabular output file? (flag) {uses spaces if false} "ES10.3E2" OutFmt - Format used for text tabular output, excluding the time channel. Resulting field should be 10 characters. (quoted string) ---------------------- LINEARIZATION ------------------------------------------- False Linearize - Linearization analysis (flag) 36 NLinTimes - Number of times to linearize (-) [>=1] [unused if Linearize=False] 60.23, 60.46, 60.69, 60.92, 61.15, 61.38, 61.61, 61.84, 62.07, 62.3, 62.53, 62.76, 62.99, 63.22, 63.45, 63.68, 63.91, 64.14, 64.37, 64.6, 64.83, 65.06, 65.29, 65.52, 65.75, 65.9, 66.21, 66.44, 66.67, 66.9, 67.13, 67.36, 67.59, 67.82, 68.05, 68.28 LinTimes - List of times at which to linearize (s) [1 to NLinTimes] [unused if Linearize=False] 1 LinInputs - Inputs included in linearization (switch) {0=none; 1=standard; 2=all module inputs (debug)} [unused if Linearize=False] 1 LinOutputs - Outputs included in linearization (switch) {0=none; 1=from OutList(s); 2=all module outputs (debug)} [unused if Linearize=False] False LinOutJac - Include full Jacobians in linearization output (for debug) (flag) [unused if Linearize=False; used only if LinInputs=LinOutputs=2] False LinOutMod - Write module-level linearization output files in addition to output for full system? (flag) [unused if Linearize=False] ---------------------- VISUALIZATION ------------------------------------------ 0 WrVTK - VTK visualization data output: (switch) {0=none; 1=initialization data only; 2=animation} 2 VTK_type - Type of VTK visualization data: (switch) {1=surfaces; 2=basic meshes (lines/points); 3=all meshes (debug)} [unused if WrVTK=0] false VTK_fields - Write mesh fields to VTK data files? (flag) {true/false} [unused if WrVTK=0] 15 VTK_fps - Frame rate for VTK output (frames per second){will use closest integer multiple of DT} [used only if WrVTK=2]

ElastoDyn:

[code]------- ELASTODYN v1.03.* INPUT FILE -------------------------------------------
FAST certification Test #17: FAST model of a SWRT 3-bladed upwind turbine. Note- SWRT rotates in CCW direction- some inputs will be mirror image of the actual turbine. Model properties from “SWRTv1p2.adm” and SWRT “AdamsWT_MakeBladeDat_v12.xls”. JEM Jan., 2004. Updated by J. Jonkman, NREL, Feb, 2004.
---------------------- SIMULATION CONTROL --------------------------------------
False Echo - Echo input data to “.ech” (flag)
3 Method - Integration method: {1: RK4, 2: AB4, or 3: ABM4} (-)
0.001 DT - Integration time step (s)
---------------------- ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION ---------------------------------
9.81 Gravity - Gravitational acceleration (m/s^2)
---------------------- DEGREES OF FREEDOM --------------------------------------
False FlapDOF1 - First flapwise blade mode DOF (flag)
False FlapDOF2 - Second flapwise blade mode DOF (flag)
False EdgeDOF - First edgewise blade mode DOF (flag)
False TeetDOF - Rotor-teeter DOF (flag) [unused for 3 blades]
False DrTrDOF - Drivetrain rotational-flexibility DOF (flag)
False GenDOF - Generator DOF (flag)
False YawDOF - Yaw DOF (flag)
False TwFADOF1 - First fore-aft tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwFADOF2 - Second fore-aft tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwSSDOF1 - First side-to-side tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwSSDOF2 - Second side-to-side tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False PtfmSgDOF - Platform horizontal surge translation DOF (flag)
False PtfmSwDOF - Platform horizontal sway translation DOF (flag)
False PtfmHvDOF - Platform vertical heave translation DOF (flag)
False PtfmRDOF - Platform roll tilt rotation DOF (flag)
False PtfmPDOF - Platform pitch tilt rotation DOF (flag)
False PtfmYDOF - Platform yaw rotation DOF (flag)
---------------------- INITIAL CONDITIONS --------------------------------------
0 OoPDefl - Initial out-of-plane blade-tip displacement (meters)
0 IPDefl - Initial in-plane blade-tip deflection (meters)
7.5 BlPitch(1) - Blade 1 initial pitch (degrees)
7.5 BlPitch(2) - Blade 2 initial pitch (degrees)
7.5 BlPitch(3) - Blade 3 initial pitch (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
0 TeetDefl - Initial or fixed teeter angle (degrees) [unused for 3 blades]
0 Azimuth - Initial azimuth angle for blade 1 (degrees)
184.3998 RotSpeed - Initial or fixed rotor speed (rpm)
0 NacYaw - Initial or fixed nacelle-yaw angle (degrees)
0 TTDspFA - Initial fore-aft tower-top displacement (meters)
0 TTDspSS - Initial side-to-side tower-top displacement (meters)
0 PtfmSurge - Initial or fixed horizontal surge translational displacement of platform (meters)
0 PtfmSway - Initial or fixed horizontal sway translational displacement of platform (meters)
0 PtfmHeave - Initial or fixed vertical heave translational displacement of platform (meters)
0 PtfmRoll - Initial or fixed roll tilt rotational displacement of platform (degrees)
0 PtfmPitch - Initial or fixed pitch tilt rotational displacement of platform (degrees)
0 PtfmYaw - Initial or fixed yaw rotational displacement of platform (degrees)
---------------------- TURBINE CONFIGURATION -----------------------------------
3 NumBl - Number of blades (-)
2.9 TipRad - The distance from the rotor apex to the blade tip (meters)
0.303 HubRad - The distance from the rotor apex to the blade root (meters)
0 PreCone(1) - Blade 1 cone angle (degrees)
0 PreCone(2) - Blade 2 cone angle (degrees)
0 PreCone(3) - Blade 3 cone angle (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
0.1536 HubCM - Distance from rotor apex to hub mass [positive downwind] (meters)
0 UndSling - Undersling length [distance from teeter pin to the rotor apex] (meters) [unused for 3 blades]
0 Delta3 - Delta-3 angle for teetering rotors (degrees) [unused for 3 blades]
0 AzimB1Up - Azimuth value to use for I/O when blade 1 points up (degrees)
-0.7456 OverHang - Distance from yaw axis to rotor apex [3 blades] or teeter pin [2 blades] (meters)
0.1 ShftGagL - Distance from rotor apex [3 blades] or teeter pin [2 blades] to shaft strain gages [positive for upwind rotors] (meters)
-8 ShftTilt - Rotor shaft tilt angle (degrees)
-0.2307 NacCMxn - Downwind distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
0.091 NacCMyn - Lateral distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
0.5475 NacCMzn - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
0 NcIMUxn - Downwind distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
0 NcIMUyn - Lateral distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
0 NcIMUzn - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
0.515112 Twr2Shft - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the rotor shaft (meters)
34 TowerHt - Height of tower above ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] (meters)
0 TowerBsHt - Height of tower base above ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] (meters)
0 PtfmCMxt - Downwind distance from the ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] to the platform CM (meters)
0 PtfmCMyt - Lateral distance from the ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] to the platform CM (meters)
-0 PtfmCMzt - Vertical distance from the ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] to the platform CM (meters)
-0 PtfmRefzt - Vertical distance from the ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] to the platform reference point (meters)
---------------------- MASS AND INERTIA ----------------------------------------
0 TipMass(1) - Tip-brake mass, blade 1 (kg)
0 TipMass(2) - Tip-brake mass, blade 2 (kg)
0 TipMass(3) - Tip-brake mass, blade 3 (kg) [unused for 2 blades]
113 HubMass - Hub mass (kg)
7.71 HubIner - Hub inertia about rotor axis [3 blades] or teeter axis [2 blades] (kg m^2)
0.5 GenIner - Generator inertia about HSS (kg m^2)
260.5 NacMass - Nacelle mass (kg)
39.81 NacYIner - Nacelle inertia about yaw axis (kg m^2)
0 YawBrMass - Yaw bearing mass (kg)
0 PtfmMass - Platform mass (kg)
0 PtfmRIner - Platform inertia for roll tilt rotation about the platform CM (kg m^2)
0 PtfmPIner - Platform inertia for pitch tilt rotation about the platform CM (kg m^2)
0 PtfmYIner - Platform inertia for yaw rotation about the platform CM (kg m^2)
---------------------- BLADE ---------------------------------------------------
15 BldNodes - Number of blade nodes (per blade) used for analysis (-)
“SWRT_Blade.dat” BldFile(1) - Name of file containing properties for blade 1 (quoted string)
“SWRT_Blade.dat” BldFile(2) - Name of file containing properties for blade 2 (quoted string)
“SWRT_Blade.dat” BldFile(3) - Name of file containing properties for blade 3 (quoted string) [unused for 2 blades]
---------------------- ROTOR-TEETER --------------------------------------------
0 TeetMod - Rotor-teeter spring/damper model {0: none, 1: standard, 2: user-defined from routine UserTeet} (switch) [unused for 3 blades]
0 TeetDmpP - Rotor-teeter damper position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetDmp - Rotor-teeter damping constant (N-m/(rad/s)) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetCDmp - Rotor-teeter rate-independent Coulomb-damping moment (N-m) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetSStP - Rotor-teeter soft-stop position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetHStP - Rotor-teeter hard-stop position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetSSSp - Rotor-teeter soft-stop linear-spring constant (N-m/rad) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetHSSp - Rotor-teeter hard-stop linear-spring constant (N-m/rad) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
---------------------- DRIVETRAIN ----------------------------------------------
100 GBoxEff - Gearbox efficiency (%)
1 GBRatio - Gearbox ratio (-)
9999.9 DTTorSpr - Drivetrain torsional spring (N-m/rad)
9999.9 DTTorDmp - Drivetrain torsional damper (N-m/(rad/s))
---------------------- FURLING -------------------------------------------------
False Furling - Read in additional model properties for furling turbine (flag) [must currently be FALSE)
“SWRT_Furl.dat” FurlFile - Name of file containing furling properties (quoted string) [unused when Furling=False]
---------------------- TOWER ---------------------------------------------------
10 TwrNodes - Number of tower nodes used for analysis (-)
“SWRT_Tower.dat” TwrFile - Name of file containing tower properties (quoted string)
---------------------- OUTPUT --------------------------------------------------
True SumPrint - Print summary data to “.sum” (flag)
1 OutFile - Switch to determine where output will be placed: {1: in module output file only; 2: in glue code output file only; 3: both} (currently unused)
True TabDelim - Use tab delimiters in text tabular output file? (flag) (currently unused)
“ES10.3E2” OutFmt - Format used for text tabular output (except time). Resulting field should be 10 characters. (quoted string) (currently unused)
10 TStart - Time to begin tabular output (s) (currently unused)
8 DecFact - Decimation factor for tabular output {1: output every time step} (-) (currently unused)
0 NTwGages - Number of tower nodes that have strain gages for output [0 to 9] (-)
0 TwrGagNd - List of tower nodes that have strain gages [1 to TwrNodes] (-) [unused if NTwGages=0]
0 NBlGages - Number of blade nodes that have strain gages for output [0 to 9] (-)
0 BldGagNd - List of blade nodes that have strain gages [1 to BldNodes] (-) [unused if NBlGages=0]
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)

“RotSpeed” - Tower-top / yaw bearing axial force
“RotPwr” - Rotor power (this is equivalent to the low-speed shaft power)
END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)

[/code]
[b]

InflowWind:

[code]------- InflowWind v3.01.* INPUT FILE -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Turbulent 16 m/s winds at 35m for FAST CertTest #17

False Echo - Echo input data to .ech (flag)
1 WindType - switch for wind file type (1=steady; 2=uniform; 3=binary TurbSim FF; 4=binary Bladed-style FF; 5=HAWC format; 6=User defined)
0.0 PropagationDir - Direction of wind propagation (meteoroligical rotation from aligned with X (positive rotates towards -Y) – degrees)
1 NWindVel - Number of points to output the wind velocity (0 to 9)
0 WindVxiList - List of coordinates in the inertial X direction (m)
0 WindVyiList - List of coordinates in the inertial Y direction (m)
34.6189 WindVziList - List of coordinates in the inertial Z direction (m)
================== Parameters for Steady Wind Conditions [used only for WindType = 1] =========================
10 HWindSpeed - Horizontal windspeed (m/s)
34.6189 RefHt - Reference height for horizontal wind speed (m)
0.2 PLexp - Power law exponent (-)
================== Parameters for Uniform wind file [used only for WindType = 2] ============================
“Wind\MyWind2.wnd” Filename - Filename of time series data for uniform wind field. (-)
34.6189 RefHt - Reference height for horizontal wind speed (m)
5.8 RefLength - Reference length for linear horizontal and vertical sheer (-)
================== Parameters for Binary TurbSim Full-Field files [used only for WindType = 3] ==============
“Wind/Test18” Filename - Name of the Full field wind file to use (.bts)
================== Parameters for Binary Bladed-style Full-Field files [used only for WindType = 4] =========
“Wind/Test19” FilenameRoot - Rootname of the full-field wind file to use (.wnd, .sum)
False TowerFile - Have tower file (.twr) (flag)
================== Parameters for HAWC-format binary files [Only used with WindType = 5] =====================
“wasp\Output\basic_5u.bin” FileName_u - name of the file containing the u-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
“wasp\Output\basic_5v.bin” FileName_v - name of the file containing the v-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
“wasp\Output\basic_5w.bin” FileName_w - name of the file containing the w-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
64 nx - number of grids in the x direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
32 ny - number of grids in the y direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
32 nz - number of grids in the z direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
16 dx - distance (in meters) between points in the x direction (m)
3 dy - distance (in meters) between points in the y direction (m)
3 dz - distance (in meters) between points in the z direction (m)
34.6189 RefHt - reference height; the height (in meters) of the vertical center of the grid (m)
------------- Scaling parameters for turbulence ---------------------------------------------------------
1 ScaleMethod - Turbulence scaling method [0 = none, 1 = direct scaling, 2 = calculate scaling factor based on a desired standard deviation]
1 SFx - Turbulence scaling factor for the x direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
1 SFy - Turbulence scaling factor for the y direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
1 SFz - Turbulence scaling factor for the z direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
12 SigmaFx - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in x direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
8 SigmaFy - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in y direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
2 SigmaFz - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in z direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
------------- Mean wind profile parameters (added to HAWC-format files) ---------------------------------
5 URef - Mean u-component wind speed at the reference height (m/s)
2 WindProfile - Wind profile type (0=constant;1=logarithmic,2=power law)
0.2 PLExp - Power law exponent (-) (used for PL wind profile type only)
0.03 Z0 - Surface roughness length (m) (used for LG wind profile type only)
====================== OUTPUT ==================================================
False SumPrint - Print summary data to .IfW.sum (flag)
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
“Wind1VelX” X-direction wind velocity at point WindList(1)
“Wind1VelY” Y-direction wind velocity at point WindList(1)
“Wind1VelZ” Z-direction wind velocity at point WindList(1)
END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)

[/code]

ServoDyn:

[code]------- SERVODYN v1.05.* INPUT FILE --------------------------------------------
FAST certification Test #17: FAST model of a SWRT 3-bladed upwind turbine. Note- SWRT rotates in CCW direction- some inputs will be mirror image of the actual turbine. Model properties from “SWRTv1p2.adm” and SWRT “AdamsWT_MakeBladeDat_v12.xls”. JEM Jan., 2004. Updated by J. Jonkman, NREL, Feb, 2004.
---------------------- SIMULATION CONTROL --------------------------------------
False Echo - Echo input data to .ech (flag)
0.001 DT - Communication interval for controllers (s) (or “default”)
---------------------- PITCH CONTROL -------------------------------------------
0 PCMode - Pitch control mode {0: none, 3: user-defined from routine PitchCntrl, 4: user-defined from Simulink/Labview, 5: user-defined from Bladed-style DLL} (switch)
9999.9 TPCOn - Time to enable active pitch control (s) [unused when PCMode=0]
9999.9 TPitManS(1) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 1 and end standard pitch control (s)
9999.9 TPitManS(2) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 2 and end standard pitch control (s)
9999.9 TPitManS(3) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 3 and end standard pitch control (s) [unused for 2 blades]
2 PitManRat(1) - Pitch rate at which override pitch maneuver heads toward final pitch angle for blade 1 (deg/s)
2 PitManRat(2) - Pitch rate at which override pitch maneuver heads toward final pitch angle for blade 2 (deg/s)
2 PitManRat(3) - Pitch rate at which override pitch maneuver heads toward final pitch angle for blade 3 (deg/s) [unused for 2 blades]
7.5 BlPitchF(1) - Blade 1 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees)
7.5 BlPitchF(2) - Blade 2 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees)
7.5 BlPitchF(3) - Blade 3 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
---------------------- GENERATOR AND TORQUE CONTROL ----------------------------
0 VSContrl - Variable-speed control mode {0: none, 1: simple VS, 3: user-defined from routine UserVSCont, 4: user-defined from Simulink/Labview, 5: user-defined from Bladed-style DLL} (switch)
1 GenModel - Generator model {1: simple, 2: Thevenin, 3: user-defined from routine UserGen} (switch) [used only when VSContrl=0]
100 GenEff - Generator efficiency [ignored by the Thevenin and user-defined generator models] (%)
True GenTiStr - Method to start the generator {T: timed using TimGenOn, F: generator speed using SpdGenOn} (flag)
True GenTiStp - Method to stop the generator {T: timed using TimGenOf, F: when generator power = 0} (flag)
9999.9 SpdGenOn - Generator speed to turn on the generator for a startup (HSS speed) (rpm) [used only when GenTiStr=False]
0 TimGenOn - Time to turn on the generator for a startup (s) [used only when GenTiStr=True]
9999.9 TimGenOf - Time to turn off the generator (s) [used only when GenTiStp=True]
---------------------- SIMPLE VARIABLE-SPEED TORQUE CONTROL --------------------
9999.9 VS_RtGnSp - Rated generator speed for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (rpm) [used only when VSContrl=1]
9999.9 VS_RtTq - Rated generator torque/constant generator torque in Region 3 for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (N-m) [used only when VSContrl=1]
9999.9 VS_Rgn2K - Generator torque constant in Region 2 for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (N-m/rpm^2) [used only when VSContrl=1]
9999.9 VS_SlPc - Rated generator slip percentage in Region 2 1/2 for simple variable-speed generator control (%) [used only when VSContrl=1]
---------------------- SIMPLE INDUCTION GENERATOR ------------------------------
9999.9 SIG_SlPc - Rated generator slip percentage (%) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_SySp - Synchronous (zero-torque) generator speed (rpm) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_RtTq - Rated torque (N-m) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_PORt - Pull-out ratio (Tpullout/Trated) (-) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
---------------------- THEVENIN-EQUIVALENT INDUCTION GENERATOR -----------------
9999.9 TEC_Freq - Line frequency [50 or 60] (Hz) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9998 TEC_NPol - Number of poles [even integer > 0] (-) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_SRes - Stator resistance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_RRes - Rotor resistance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_VLL - Line-to-line RMS voltage (volts) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_SLR - Stator leakage reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_RLR - Rotor leakage reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_MR - Magnetizing reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
---------------------- HIGH-SPEED SHAFT BRAKE ----------------------------------
1 HSSBrMode - HSS brake model {0: none, 1: simple, 3: user-defined from routine UserHSSBr, 4: user-defined from Simulink/Labview, 5: user-defined from Bladed-style DLL} (switch)
9999.9 THSSBrDp - Time to initiate deployment of the HSS brake (s)
9999.9 HSSBrDT - Time for HSS-brake to reach full deployment once initiated (sec) [used only when HSSBrMode=1]
9999.9 HSSBrTqF - Fully deployed HSS-brake torque (N-m)
---------------------- NACELLE-YAW CONTROL -------------------------------------
0 YCMode - Yaw control mode {0: none, 3: user-defined from routine UserYawCont, 4: user-defined from Simulink/Labview, 5: user-defined from Bladed-style DLL} (switch)
9999.9 TYCOn - Time to enable active yaw control (s) [unused when YCMode=0]
0 YawNeut - Neutral yaw position–yaw spring force is zero at this yaw (degrees)
0 YawSpr - Nacelle-yaw spring constant (N-m/rad)
0 YawDamp - Nacelle-yaw damping constant (N-m/(rad/s))
9999.9 TYawManS - Time to start override yaw maneuver and end standard yaw control (s)
2 YawManRat - Yaw maneuver rate (in absolute value) (deg/s)
0 NacYawF - Final yaw angle for override yaw maneuvers (degrees)
---------------------- TUNED MASS DAMPER ---------------------------------------
False CompNTMD - Compute nacelle tuned mass damper {true/false} (flag)
“unused” NTMDfile - Name of the file for nacelle tuned mass damper (quoted string) [unused when CompNTMD is false]
False CompTTMD - Compute tower tuned mass damper {true/false} (flag)
“unused” TTMDfile - Name of the file for tower tuned mass damper (quoted string) [unused when CompTTMD is false]
---------------------- BLADED INTERFACE ---------------------------------------- [used only with Bladed Interface]
“unused” DLL_FileName - Name/location of the dynamic library {.dll [Windows] or .so [Linux]} in the Bladed-DLL format (-) [used only with Bladed Interface]
“DISCON.IN” DLL_InFile - Name of input file sent to the DLL (-) [used only with Bladed Interface]
“DISCON” DLL_ProcName - Name of procedure in DLL to be called (-) [case sensitive; used only with DLL Interface]
“default” DLL_DT - Communication interval for dynamic library (s) (or “default”) [used only with Bladed Interface]
false DLL_Ramp - Whether a linear ramp should be used between DLL_DT time steps [introduces time shift when true] (flag) [used only with Bladed Interface]
9999.9 BPCutoff - Cuttoff frequency for low-pass filter on blade pitch from DLL (Hz) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 NacYaw_North - Reference yaw angle of the nacelle when the upwind end points due North (deg) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Ptch_Cntrl - Record 28: Use individual pitch control {0: collective pitch; 1: individual pitch control} (switch) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Ptch_SetPnt - Record 5: Below-rated pitch angle set-point (deg) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Ptch_Min - Record 6: Minimum pitch angle (deg) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Ptch_Max - Record 7: Maximum pitch angle (deg) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 PtchRate_Min - Record 8: Minimum pitch rate (most negative value allowed) (deg/s) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 PtchRate_Max - Record 9: Maximum pitch rate (deg/s) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Gain_OM - Record 16: Optimal mode gain (Nm/(rad/s)^2) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenSpd_MinOM - Record 17: Minimum generator speed (rpm) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenSpd_MaxOM - Record 18: Optimal mode maximum speed (rpm) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenSpd_Dem - Record 19: Demanded generator speed above rated (rpm) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenTrq_Dem - Record 22: Demanded generator torque above rated (Nm) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenPwr_Dem - Record 13: Demanded power (W) [used only with Bladed Interface]
---------------------- BLADED INTERFACE TORQUE-SPEED LOOK-UP TABLE -------------
0 DLL_NumTrq - Record 26: No. of points in torque-speed look-up table {0 = none and use the optimal mode parameters; nonzero = ignore the optimal mode PARAMETERs by setting Record 16 to 0.0} (-) [used only with Bladed Interface]
GenSpd_TLU GenTrq_TLU
(rpm) (Nm)
---------------------- OUTPUT --------------------------------------------------
True SumPrint - Print summary data to .sum (flag) (currently unused)
1 OutFile - Switch to determine where output will be placed: {1: in module output file only; 2: in glue code output file only; 3: both} (currently unused)
True TabDelim - Use tab delimiters in text tabular output file? (flag) (currently unused)
“ES10.3E2” OutFmt - Format used for text tabular output (except time). Resulting field should be 10 characters. (quoted string) (currently unused)
0 TStart - Time to begin tabular output (s) (currently unused)
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
“GenPwr”
END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)

[/code]

AeroDyn:

[code]------- AERODYN v15.03.* INPUT FILE ------------------------------------------------
SWRT rotor aerodynamic parameters for FAST certification tests #15-#17.
====== General Options ============================================================================
False Echo - Echo the input to “.AD.ech”? (flag)
“DEFAULT” DTAero - Time interval for aerodynamic calculations {or “default”} (s)
1 WakeMod - Type of wake/induction model (switch) {0=none, 1=BEMT}
1 AFAeroMod - Type of blade airfoil aerodynamics model (switch) {1=steady model, 2=Beddoes-Leishman unsteady model}
0 TwrPotent - Type tower influence on wind based on potential flow around the tower (switch) {0=none, 1=baseline potential flow, 2=potential flow with Bak correction}
False TwrShadow – Calculate tower influence on wind based on downstream tower shadow? (flag)
False TwrAero - Calculate tower aerodynamic loads? (flag)
False FrozenWake - Assume frozen wake during linearization? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1 and when linearizing]
====== Environmental Conditions ===================================================================
1.225 AirDens - Air density (kg/m^3)
1.51E-05 KinVisc - Kinematic air viscosity (m^2/s)
335 SpdSound - Speed of sound (m/s)
====== Blade-Element/Momentum Theory Options ====================================================== [used only when WakeMod=1]
2 SkewMod - Type of skewed-wake correction model (switch) {1=uncoupled, 2=Pitt/Peters, 3=coupled} [used only when WakeMod=1]
True TipLoss - Use the Prandtl tip-loss model? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1]
False HubLoss - Use the Prandtl hub-loss model? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1]
true TanInd - Include tangential induction in BEMT calculations? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1]
False AIDrag - Include the drag term in the axial-induction calculation? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1]
False TIDrag - Include the drag term in the tangential-induction calculation? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1 and TanInd=TRUE]
“Default” IndToler - Convergence tolerance for BEMT nonlinear solve residual equation {or “default”} (-) [used only when WakeMod=1]
100 MaxIter - Maximum number of iteration steps (-) [used only when WakeMod=1]
====== Beddoes-Leishman Unsteady Airfoil Aerodynamics Options ===================================== [used only when AFAeroMod=2]
3 UAMod - Unsteady Aero Model Switch (switch) {1=Baseline model (Original), 2=Gonzalez’s variant (changes in Cn,Cc,Cm), 3=Minemma/Pierce variant (changes in Cc and Cm)} [used only when AFAeroMod=2]
True FLookup - Flag to indicate whether a lookup for f’ will be calculated (TRUE) or whether best-fit exponential equations will be used (FALSE); if FALSE S1-S4 must be provided in airfoil input files (flag) [used only when AFAeroMod=2]
====== Airfoil Information =========================================================================
1 InCol_Alfa - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the angle of attack (-)
2 InCol_Cl - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the lift coefficient (-)
3 InCol_Cd - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the drag coefficient (-)
0 InCol_Cm - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the pitching-moment coefficient; use zero if there is no Cm column (-)
0 InCol_Cpmin - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the Cpmin coefficient; use zero if there is no Cpmin column (-)
4 NumAFfiles - Number of airfoil files used (-)
“Airfoils/TailPlate.dat” AFNames - Airfoil file names (NumAFfiles lines) (quoted strings)
“Airfoils/SH3052Mod_AllRe_Hanley.dat”
“Airfoils/SH3052Mod_AllRe_Elem14_Hanley.dat”
“Airfoils/SH3052Mod_AllRe_Elem15_Hanley.dat”
====== Rotor/Blade Properties =====================================================================
False UseBlCm - Include aerodynamic pitching moment in calculations? (flag)
“SWRT_AeroDyn_blade.dat” ADBlFile(1) - Name of file containing distributed aerodynamic properties for Blade #1 (-)
“SWRT_AeroDyn_blade.dat” ADBlFile(2) - Name of file containing distributed aerodynamic properties for Blade #2 (-) [unused if NumBl < 2]
“SWRT_AeroDyn_blade.dat” ADBlFile(3) - Name of file containing distributed aerodynamic properties for Blade #3 (-) [unused if NumBl < 3]
====== Tower Influence and Aerodynamics ============================================================= [used only when TwrPotent/=0, TwrShadow=True, or TwrAero=True]
2 NumTwrNds - Number of tower nodes used in the analysis (-) [used only when TwrPotent/=0, TwrShadow=True, or TwrAero=True]
TwrElev TwrDiam TwrCd
(m) (m) (-)
0.0000000E+00 1.4220000E+00 0.0000000E+00
3.4000000E+01 3.5550000E-01 0.0000000E+00
====== Outputs ====================================================================================
True SumPrint - Generate a summary file listing input options and interpolated properties to “.AD.sum”? (flag)
0 NBlOuts - Number of blade node outputs [0 - 9] (-)
2, 8, 16 BlOutNd - Blade nodes whose values will be output (-)
0 NTwOuts - Number of tower node outputs [0 - 9] (-)
1, 2 TwOutNd - Tower nodes whose values will be output (-)
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
“RtTSR”
“RtAeroCp”
“RtSpeed”
“RtAeroPwr”

END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)

[/code]

And files for 1.5MW turbine:

Primary:

------- FAST v8.16.* INPUT FILE ------------------------------------------------ FAST Certification Test #13: WindPACT 1.5 MW Baseline with many DOFs with VS and VP and FF turbulence. ---------------------- SIMULATION CONTROL -------------------------------------- False Echo - Echo input data to <RootName>.ech (flag) "FATAL" AbortLevel - Error level when simulation should abort (string) {"WARNING", "SEVERE", "FATAL"} 40 TMax - Total run time (s) 0.005 DT - Recommended module time step (s) 2 InterpOrder - Interpolation order for input/output time history (-) {1=linear, 2=quadratic} 0 NumCrctn - Number of correction iterations (-) {0=explicit calculation, i.e., no corrections} 99999 DT_UJac - Time between calls to get Jacobians (s) 1E+06 UJacSclFact - Scaling factor used in Jacobians (-) ---------------------- FEATURE SWITCHES AND FLAGS ------------------------------ 1 CompElast - Compute structural dynamics (switch) {1=ElastoDyn; 2=ElastoDyn + BeamDyn for blades} 1 CompInflow - Compute inflow wind velocities (switch) {0=still air; 1=InflowWind; 2=external from OpenFOAM} 2 CompAero - Compute aerodynamic loads (switch) {0=None; 1=AeroDyn v14; 2=AeroDyn v15} 1 CompServo - Compute control and electrical-drive dynamics (switch) {0=None; 1=ServoDyn} 0 CompHydro - Compute hydrodynamic loads (switch) {0=None; 1=HydroDyn} 0 CompSub - Compute sub-structural dynamics (switch) {0=None; 1=SubDyn} 0 CompMooring - Compute mooring system (switch) {0=None; 1=MAP++; 2=FEAMooring; 3=MoorDyn; 4=OrcaFlex} 0 CompIce - Compute ice loads (switch) {0=None; 1=IceFloe; 2=IceDyn} ---------------------- INPUT FILES --------------------------------------------- "WP_Baseline/Test13_ElastoDyn.dat" EDFile - Name of file containing ElastoDyn input parameters (quoted string) "unused" BDBldFile(1) - Name of file containing BeamDyn input parameters for blade 1 (quoted string) "unused" BDBldFile(2) - Name of file containing BeamDyn input parameters for blade 2 (quoted string) "unused" BDBldFile(3) - Name of file containing BeamDyn input parameters for blade 3 (quoted string) "WP_Baseline/WP_Baseline_InflowWind_12mps.dat" InflowFile - Name of file containing inflow wind input parameters (quoted string) "WP_Baseline/WP_Baseline_AeroDyn15_Dynin.dat" AeroFile - Name of file containing aerodynamic input parameters (quoted string) "WP_Baseline/Test13_ServoDyn.dat" ServoFile - Name of file containing control and electrical-drive input parameters (quoted string) "unused" HydroFile - Name of file containing hydrodynamic input parameters (quoted string) "unused" SubFile - Name of file containing sub-structural input parameters (quoted string) "unused" MooringFile - Name of file containing mooring system input parameters (quoted string) "unused" IceFile - Name of file containing ice input parameters (quoted string) ---------------------- OUTPUT -------------------------------------------------- True SumPrint - Print summary data to "<RootName>.sum" (flag) 1 SttsTime - Amount of time between screen status messages (s) 99999 ChkptTime - Amount of time between creating checkpoint files for potential restart (s) 0.05 DT_Out - Time step for tabular output (s) (or "default") 0 TStart - Time to begin tabular output (s) 1 OutFileFmt - Format for tabular (time-marching) output file (switch) {1: text file [<RootName>.out], 2: binary file [<RootName>.outb], 3: both} True TabDelim - Use tab delimiters in text tabular output file? (flag) {uses spaces if false} "ES10.3E2" OutFmt - Format used for text tabular output, excluding the time channel. Resulting field should be 10 characters. (quoted string) ---------------------- LINEARIZATION ------------------------------------------- False Linearize - Linearization analysis (flag) 2 NLinTimes - Number of times to linearize (-) [>=1] [unused if Linearize=False] 30, 60 LinTimes - List of times at which to linearize (s) [1 to NLinTimes] [unused if Linearize=False] 1 LinInputs - Inputs included in linearization (switch) {0=none; 1=standard; 2=all module inputs (debug)} [unused if Linearize=False] 1 LinOutputs - Outputs included in linearization (switch) {0=none; 1=from OutList(s); 2=all module outputs (debug)} [unused if Linearize=False] False LinOutJac - Include full Jacobians in linearization output (for debug) (flag) [unused if Linearize=False; used only if LinInputs=LinOutputs=2] False LinOutMod - Write module-level linearization output files in addition to output for full system? (flag) [unused if Linearize=False] ---------------------- VISUALIZATION ------------------------------------------ 0 WrVTK - VTK visualization data output: (switch) {0=none; 1=initialization data only; 2=animation} 2 VTK_type - Type of VTK visualization data: (switch) {1=surfaces; 2=basic meshes (lines/points); 3=all meshes (debug)} [unused if WrVTK=0] false VTK_fields - Write mesh fields to VTK data files? (flag) {true/false} [unused if WrVTK=0] 15 VTK_fps - Frame rate for VTK output (frames per second){will use closest integer multiple of DT} [used only if WrVTK=2]

ServoDyn:

[code]------- SERVODYN v1.05.* INPUT FILE --------------------------------------------
FAST certification Test #13: WindPACT 1.5 MW Baseline with many DOFs with VS and VP and FF turbulence. Model properties from “InputData1.5A08V07adm.xls” (from C. Hansen) with bugs removed.
---------------------- SIMULATION CONTROL --------------------------------------
False Echo - Echo input data to .ech (flag)
0.005 DT - Communication interval for controllers (s) (or “default”)
---------------------- PITCH CONTROL -------------------------------------------
3 PCMode - Pitch control mode {0: none, 3: user-defined from routine PitchCntrl, 4: user-defined from Simulink/Labview, 5: user-defined from Bladed-style DLL} (switch)
5 TPCOn - Time to enable active pitch control (s) [unused when PCMode=0]
9999.9 TPitManS(1) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 1 and end standard pitch control (s)
9999.9 TPitManS(2) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 2 and end standard pitch control (s)
9999.9 TPitManS(3) - Time to start override pitch maneuver for blade 3 and end standard pitch control (s) [unused for 2 blades]
2 PitManRat(1) - Pitch rate at which override pitch maneuver heads toward final pitch angle for blade 1 (deg/s)
2 PitManRat(2) - Pitch rate at which override pitch maneuver heads toward final pitch angle for blade 2 (deg/s)
2 PitManRat(3) - Pitch rate at which override pitch maneuver heads toward final pitch angle for blade 3 (deg/s) [unused for 2 blades]
2.6 BlPitchF(1) - Blade 1 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees)
2.6 BlPitchF(2) - Blade 2 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees)
2.6 BlPitchF(3) - Blade 3 final pitch for pitch maneuvers (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
---------------------- GENERATOR AND TORQUE CONTROL ----------------------------
1 VSContrl - Variable-speed control mode {0: none, 1: simple VS, 3: user-defined from routine UserVSCont, 4: user-defined from Simulink/Labview, 5: user-defined from Bladed-style DLL} (switch)
1 GenModel - Generator model {1: simple, 2: Thevenin, 3: user-defined from routine UserGen} (switch) [used only when VSContrl=0]
100 GenEff - Generator efficiency [ignored by the Thevenin and user-defined generator models] (%)
True GenTiStr - Method to start the generator {T: timed using TimGenOn, F: generator speed using SpdGenOn} (flag)
True GenTiStp - Method to stop the generator {T: timed using TimGenOf, F: when generator power = 0} (flag)
9999.9 SpdGenOn - Generator speed to turn on the generator for a startup (HSS speed) (rpm) [used only when GenTiStr=False]
0 TimGenOn - Time to turn on the generator for a startup (s) [used only when GenTiStr=True]
9999.9 TimGenOf - Time to turn off the generator (s) [used only when GenTiStp=True]
---------------------- SIMPLE VARIABLE-SPEED TORQUE CONTROL --------------------
1800 VS_RtGnSp - Rated generator speed for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (rpm) [used only when VSContrl=1]
8376.58 VS_RtTq - Rated generator torque/constant generator torque in Region 3 for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (N-m) [used only when VSContrl=1]
0.002585 VS_Rgn2K - Generator torque constant in Region 2 for simple variable-speed generator control (HSS side) (N-m/rpm^2) [used only when VSContrl=1]
9.9999E-06 VS_SlPc - Rated generator slip percentage in Region 2 1/2 for simple variable-speed generator control (%) [used only when VSContrl=1]
---------------------- SIMPLE INDUCTION GENERATOR ------------------------------
9999.9 SIG_SlPc - Rated generator slip percentage (%) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_SySp - Synchronous (zero-torque) generator speed (rpm) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_RtTq - Rated torque (N-m) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
9999.9 SIG_PORt - Pull-out ratio (Tpullout/Trated) (-) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=1]
---------------------- THEVENIN-EQUIVALENT INDUCTION GENERATOR -----------------
9999.9 TEC_Freq - Line frequency [50 or 60] (Hz) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9998 TEC_NPol - Number of poles [even integer > 0] (-) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_SRes - Stator resistance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_RRes - Rotor resistance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_VLL - Line-to-line RMS voltage (volts) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_SLR - Stator leakage reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_RLR - Rotor leakage reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
9999.9 TEC_MR - Magnetizing reactance (ohms) [used only when VSContrl=0 and GenModel=2]
---------------------- HIGH-SPEED SHAFT BRAKE ----------------------------------
0 HSSBrMode - HSS brake model {0: none, 1: simple, 3: user-defined from routine UserHSSBr, 4: user-defined from Simulink/Labview, 5: user-defined from Bladed-style DLL} (switch)
9999.9 THSSBrDp - Time to initiate deployment of the HSS brake (s)
9999.9 HSSBrDT - Time for HSS-brake to reach full deployment once initiated (sec) [used only when HSSBrMode=1]
9999.9 HSSBrTqF - Fully deployed HSS-brake torque (N-m)
---------------------- NACELLE-YAW CONTROL -------------------------------------
0 YCMode - Yaw control mode {0: none, 3: user-defined from routine UserYawCont, 4: user-defined from Simulink/Labview, 5: user-defined from Bladed-style DLL} (switch)
9999.9 TYCOn - Time to enable active yaw control (s) [unused when YCMode=0]
0 YawNeut - Neutral yaw position–yaw spring force is zero at this yaw (degrees)
0 YawSpr - Nacelle-yaw spring constant (N-m/rad)
0 YawDamp - Nacelle-yaw damping constant (N-m/(rad/s))
9999.9 TYawManS - Time to start override yaw maneuver and end standard yaw control (s)
2 YawManRat - Yaw maneuver rate (in absolute value) (deg/s)
0 NacYawF - Final yaw angle for override yaw maneuvers (degrees)
---------------------- TUNED MASS DAMPER ---------------------------------------
False CompNTMD - Compute nacelle tuned mass damper {true/false} (flag)
“unused” NTMDfile - Name of the file for nacelle tuned mass damper (quoted string) [unused when CompNTMD is false]
False CompTTMD - Compute tower tuned mass damper {true/false} (flag)
“unused” TTMDfile - Name of the file for tower tuned mass damper (quoted string) [unused when CompTTMD is false]
---------------------- BLADED INTERFACE ---------------------------------------- [used only with Bladed Interface]
“unused” DLL_FileName - Name/location of the dynamic library {.dll [Windows] or .so [Linux]} in the Bladed-DLL format (-) [used only with Bladed Interface]
“DISCON.IN” DLL_InFile - Name of input file sent to the DLL (-) [used only with Bladed Interface]
“DISCON” DLL_ProcName - Name of procedure in DLL to be called (-) [case sensitive; used only with DLL Interface]
“default” DLL_DT - Communication interval for dynamic library (s) (or “default”) [used only with Bladed Interface]
false DLL_Ramp - Whether a linear ramp should be used between DLL_DT time steps [introduces time shift when true] (flag) [used only with Bladed Interface]
9999.9 BPCutoff - Cuttoff frequency for low-pass filter on blade pitch from DLL (Hz) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 NacYaw_North - Reference yaw angle of the nacelle when the upwind end points due North (deg) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Ptch_Cntrl - Record 28: Use individual pitch control {0: collective pitch; 1: individual pitch control} (switch) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Ptch_SetPnt - Record 5: Below-rated pitch angle set-point (deg) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Ptch_Min - Record 6: Minimum pitch angle (deg) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Ptch_Max - Record 7: Maximum pitch angle (deg) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 PtchRate_Min - Record 8: Minimum pitch rate (most negative value allowed) (deg/s) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 PtchRate_Max - Record 9: Maximum pitch rate (deg/s) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 Gain_OM - Record 16: Optimal mode gain (Nm/(rad/s)^2) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenSpd_MinOM - Record 17: Minimum generator speed (rpm) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenSpd_MaxOM - Record 18: Optimal mode maximum speed (rpm) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenSpd_Dem - Record 19: Demanded generator speed above rated (rpm) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenTrq_Dem - Record 22: Demanded generator torque above rated (Nm) [used only with Bladed Interface]
0 GenPwr_Dem - Record 13: Demanded power (W) [used only with Bladed Interface]
---------------------- BLADED INTERFACE TORQUE-SPEED LOOK-UP TABLE -------------
0 DLL_NumTrq - Record 26: No. of points in torque-speed look-up table {0 = none and use the optimal mode parameters; nonzero = ignore the optimal mode PARAMETERs by setting Record 16 to 0.0} (-) [used only with Bladed Interface]
GenSpd_TLU GenTrq_TLU
(rpm) (Nm)
---------------------- OUTPUT --------------------------------------------------
True SumPrint - Print summary data to .sum (flag) (currently unused)
1 OutFile - Switch to determine where output will be placed: {1: in module output file only; 2: in glue code output file only; 3: both} (currently unused)
True TabDelim - Use tab delimiters in text tabular output file? (flag) (currently unused)
“ES10.3E2” OutFmt - Format used for text tabular output (except time). Resulting field should be 10 characters. (quoted string) (currently unused)
0 TStart - Time to begin tabular output (s) (currently unused)
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)

[/code]

InflowWind:

[code]------- InflowWind v3.01.* INPUT FILE -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Turbulent 12 m/s winds for FAST CertTests #11 and #13

False Echo - Echo input data to .ech (flag)
1 WindType - switch for wind file type (1=steady; 2=uniform; 3=binary TurbSim FF; 4=binary Bladed-style FF; 5=HAWC format; 6=User defined)
0 PropagationDir - Direction of wind propagation (meteoroligical rotation from aligned with X (positive rotates towards -Y) – degrees)
1 NWindVel - Number of points to output the wind velocity (0 to 9)
0 WindVxiList - List of coordinates in the inertial X direction (m)
0 WindVyiList - List of coordinates in the inertial Y direction (m)
84.2876 WindVziList - List of coordinates in the inertial Z direction (m)
================== Parameters for Steady Wind Conditions [used only for WindType = 1] =========================
10 HWindSpeed - Horizontal windspeed (m/s)
84.2876 RefHt - Reference height for horizontal wind speed (m)
0.2 PLexp - Power law exponent (-)
================== Parameters for Uniform wind file [used only for WindType = 2] ============================
“Wind/84m_12mps.wnd” Filename - Filename of time series data for uniform wind field. (-)
84.2876 RefHt - Reference height for horizontal wind speed (m)
70 RefLength - Reference length for linear horizontal and vertical sheer (-)
================== Parameters for Binary TurbSim Full-Field files [used only for WindType = 3] ==============
“Wind/84m_12mps.wnd” Filename - Name of the Full field wind file to use (.bts)
================== Parameters for Binary Bladed-style Full-Field files [used only for WindType = 4] =========
“Wind/84m_12mps” FilenameRoot - Rootname of the full-field wind file to use (.wnd, .sum)
False TowerFile - Have tower file (.twr) (flag)
================== Parameters for HAWC-format binary files [Only used with WindType = 5] =====================
“wasp\Output\basic_5u.bin” FileName_u - name of the file containing the u-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
“wasp\Output\basic_5v.bin” FileName_v - name of the file containing the v-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
“wasp\Output\basic_5w.bin” FileName_w - name of the file containing the w-component fluctuating wind (.bin)
64 nx - number of grids in the x direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
32 ny - number of grids in the y direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
32 nz - number of grids in the z direction (in the 3 files above) (-)
16 dx - distance (in meters) between points in the x direction (m)
3 dy - distance (in meters) between points in the y direction (m)
3 dz - distance (in meters) between points in the z direction (m)
84.2876 RefHt - reference height; the height (in meters) of the vertical center of the grid (m)
------------- Scaling parameters for turbulence ---------------------------------------------------------
1 ScaleMethod - Turbulence scaling method [0 = none, 1 = direct scaling, 2 = calculate scaling factor based on a desired standard deviation]
1 SFx - Turbulence scaling factor for the x direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
1 SFy - Turbulence scaling factor for the y direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
1 SFz - Turbulence scaling factor for the z direction (-) [ScaleMethod=1]
12 SigmaFx - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in x direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
8 SigmaFy - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in y direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
2 SigmaFz - Turbulence standard deviation to calculate scaling from in z direction (m/s) [ScaleMethod=2]
------------- Mean wind profile parameters (added to HAWC-format files) ---------------------------------
5 URef - Mean u-component wind speed at the reference height (m/s)
2 WindProfile - Wind profile type (0=constant;1=logarithmic,2=power law)
0.2 PLExp - Power law exponent (-) (used for PL wind profile type only)
0.03 Z0 - Surface roughness length (m) (used for LG wind profile type only)
====================== OUTPUT ==================================================
False SumPrint - Print summary data to .IfW.sum (flag)
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
“Wind1VelX” X-direction wind velocity at point WindList(1)
“Wind1VelY” Y-direction wind velocity at point WindList(1)
“Wind1VelZ” Z-direction wind velocity at point WindList(1)
END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)

[/code]

ElastoDyn:

[code]------- ELASTODYN v1.03.* INPUT FILE -------------------------------------------
FAST certification Test #13: WindPACT 1.5 MW Baseline with many DOFs with VS and VP and FF turbulence. Model properties from “InputData1.5A08V07adm.xls” (from C. Hansen) with bugs removed.
---------------------- SIMULATION CONTROL --------------------------------------
False Echo - Echo input data to “.ech” (flag)
3 Method - Integration method: {1: RK4, 2: AB4, or 3: ABM4} (-)
0.005 DT - Integration time step (s)
---------------------- ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION ---------------------------------
9.80665 Gravity - Gravitational acceleration (m/s^2)
---------------------- DEGREES OF FREEDOM --------------------------------------
False FlapDOF1 - First flapwise blade mode DOF (flag)
False FlapDOF2 - Second flapwise blade mode DOF (flag)
False EdgeDOF - First edgewise blade mode DOF (flag)
False TeetDOF - Rotor-teeter DOF (flag) [unused for 3 blades]
False DrTrDOF - Drivetrain rotational-flexibility DOF (flag)
False GenDOF - Generator DOF (flag)
False YawDOF - Yaw DOF (flag)
False TwFADOF1 - First fore-aft tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwFADOF2 - Second fore-aft tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwSSDOF1 - First side-to-side tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False TwSSDOF2 - Second side-to-side tower bending-mode DOF (flag)
False PtfmSgDOF - Platform horizontal surge translation DOF (flag)
False PtfmSwDOF - Platform horizontal sway translation DOF (flag)
False PtfmHvDOF - Platform vertical heave translation DOF (flag)
False PtfmRDOF - Platform roll tilt rotation DOF (flag)
False PtfmPDOF - Platform pitch tilt rotation DOF (flag)
False PtfmYDOF - Platform yaw rotation DOF (flag)
---------------------- INITIAL CONDITIONS --------------------------------------
0 OoPDefl - Initial out-of-plane blade-tip displacement (meters)
0 IPDefl - Initial in-plane blade-tip deflection (meters)
2.6 BlPitch(1) - Blade 1 initial pitch (degrees)
2.6 BlPitch(2) - Blade 2 initial pitch (degrees)
2.6 BlPitch(3) - Blade 3 initial pitch (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
0 TeetDefl - Initial or fixed teeter angle (degrees) [unused for 3 blades]
0 Azimuth - Initial azimuth angle for blade 1 (degrees)
19.0986 RotSpeed - Initial or fixed rotor speed (rpm)
0 NacYaw - Initial or fixed nacelle-yaw angle (degrees)
0 TTDspFA - Initial fore-aft tower-top displacement (meters)
0 TTDspSS - Initial side-to-side tower-top displacement (meters)
0 PtfmSurge - Initial or fixed horizontal surge translational displacement of platform (meters)
0 PtfmSway - Initial or fixed horizontal sway translational displacement of platform (meters)
0 PtfmHeave - Initial or fixed vertical heave translational displacement of platform (meters)
0 PtfmRoll - Initial or fixed roll tilt rotational displacement of platform (degrees)
0 PtfmPitch - Initial or fixed pitch tilt rotational displacement of platform (degrees)
0 PtfmYaw - Initial or fixed yaw rotational displacement of platform (degrees)
---------------------- TURBINE CONFIGURATION -----------------------------------
3 NumBl - Number of blades (-)
35 TipRad - The distance from the rotor apex to the blade tip (meters)
1.75 HubRad - The distance from the rotor apex to the blade root (meters)
0 PreCone(1) - Blade 1 cone angle (degrees)
0 PreCone(2) - Blade 2 cone angle (degrees)
0 PreCone(3) - Blade 3 cone angle (degrees) [unused for 2 blades]
0 HubCM - Distance from rotor apex to hub mass [positive downwind] (meters)
0 UndSling - Undersling length [distance from teeter pin to the rotor apex] (meters) [unused for 3 blades]
0 Delta3 - Delta-3 angle for teetering rotors (degrees) [unused for 3 blades]
0 AzimB1Up - Azimuth value to use for I/O when blade 1 points up (degrees)
-3.3 OverHang - Distance from yaw axis to rotor apex [3 blades] or teeter pin [2 blades] (meters)
0.99 ShftGagL - Distance from rotor apex [3 blades] or teeter pin [2 blades] to shaft strain gages [positive for upwind rotors] (meters)
-5 ShftTilt - Rotor shaft tilt angle (degrees)
-0.1449 NacCMxn - Downwind distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
0 NacCMyn - Lateral distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
1.389 NacCMzn - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the nacelle CM (meters)
0 NcIMUxn - Downwind distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
0 NcIMUyn - Lateral distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
0 NcIMUzn - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the nacelle IMU (meters)
1.61 Twr2Shft - Vertical distance from the tower-top to the rotor shaft (meters)
82.39 TowerHt - Height of tower above ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] (meters)
0 TowerBsHt - Height of tower base above ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] (meters)
0 PtfmCMxt - Downwind distance from the ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] to the platform CM (meters)
0 PtfmCMyt - Lateral distance from the ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] to the platform CM (meters)
-0 PtfmCMzt - Vertical distance from the ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] to the platform CM (meters)
-0 PtfmRefzt - Vertical distance from the ground level [onshore] or MSL [offshore] to the platform reference point (meters)
---------------------- MASS AND INERTIA ----------------------------------------
0 TipMass(1) - Tip-brake mass, blade 1 (kg)
0 TipMass(2) - Tip-brake mass, blade 2 (kg)
0 TipMass(3) - Tip-brake mass, blade 3 (kg) [unused for 2 blades]
15148 HubMass - Hub mass (kg)
34600 HubIner - Hub inertia about rotor axis [3 blades] or teeter axis [2 blades] (kg m^2)
53.036 GenIner - Generator inertia about HSS (kg m^2)
51170 NacMass - Nacelle mass (kg)
49130 NacYIner - Nacelle inertia about yaw axis (kg m^2)
0 YawBrMass - Yaw bearing mass (kg)
0 PtfmMass - Platform mass (kg)
0 PtfmRIner - Platform inertia for roll tilt rotation about the platform CM (kg m^2)
0 PtfmPIner - Platform inertia for pitch tilt rotation about the platform CM (kg m^2)
0 PtfmYIner - Platform inertia for yaw rotation about the platform CM (kg m^2)
---------------------- BLADE ---------------------------------------------------
15 BldNodes - Number of blade nodes (per blade) used for analysis (-)
“Baseline_Blade.dat” BldFile(1) - Name of file containing properties for blade 1 (quoted string)
“Baseline_Blade.dat” BldFile(2) - Name of file containing properties for blade 2 (quoted string)
“Baseline_Blade.dat” BldFile(3) - Name of file containing properties for blade 3 (quoted string) [unused for 2 blades]
---------------------- ROTOR-TEETER --------------------------------------------
0 TeetMod - Rotor-teeter spring/damper model {0: none, 1: standard, 2: user-defined from routine UserTeet} (switch) [unused for 3 blades]
0 TeetDmpP - Rotor-teeter damper position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetDmp - Rotor-teeter damping constant (N-m/(rad/s)) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetCDmp - Rotor-teeter rate-independent Coulomb-damping moment (N-m) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetSStP - Rotor-teeter soft-stop position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetHStP - Rotor-teeter hard-stop position (degrees) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetSSSp - Rotor-teeter soft-stop linear-spring constant (N-m/rad) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
0 TeetHSSp - Rotor-teeter hard-stop linear-spring constant (N-m/rad) [used only for 2 blades and when TeetMod=1]
---------------------- DRIVETRAIN ----------------------------------------------
100 GBoxEff - Gearbox efficiency (%)
87.965 GBRatio - Gearbox ratio (-)
5.6E+09 DTTorSpr - Drivetrain torsional spring (N-m/rad)
1E+07 DTTorDmp - Drivetrain torsional damper (N-m/(rad/s))
---------------------- FURLING -------------------------------------------------
False Furling - Read in additional model properties for furling turbine (flag) [must currently be FALSE)
“unused” FurlFile - Name of file containing furling properties (quoted string) [unused when Furling=False]
---------------------- TOWER ---------------------------------------------------
10 TwrNodes - Number of tower nodes used for analysis (-)
“Baseline_Tower.dat” TwrFile - Name of file containing tower properties (quoted string)
---------------------- OUTPUT --------------------------------------------------
True SumPrint - Print summary data to “.sum” (flag)
1 OutFile - Switch to determine where output will be placed: {1: in module output file only; 2: in glue code output file only; 3: both} (currently unused)
True TabDelim - Use tab delimiters in text tabular output file? (flag) (currently unused)
“ES10.3E2” OutFmt - Format used for text tabular output (except time). Resulting field should be 10 characters. (quoted string) (currently unused)
0 TStart - Time to begin tabular output (s) (currently unused)
10 DecFact - Decimation factor for tabular output {1: output every time step} (-) (currently unused)
2 NTwGages - Number of tower nodes that have strain gages for output [0 to 9] (-)
4, 7 TwrGagNd - List of tower nodes that have strain gages [1 to TwrNodes] (-) [unused if NTwGages=0]
0 NBlGages - Number of blade nodes that have strain gages for output [0 to 9] (-)
0 BldGagNd - List of blade nodes that have strain gages [1 to BldNodes] (-) [unused if NBlGages=0]
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
“RotSpeed” - Tower-top / yaw bearing axial force
“RotPwr”
END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)

[/code]

AeroDyn:

[code]------- AERODYN v15.03.* INPUT FILE ------------------------------------------------
1.5 MW baseline aerodynamic parameters for FAST certification tests #11-#13.
====== General Options ============================================================================
False Echo - Echo the input to “.AD.ech”? (flag)
“default” DTAero - Time interval for aerodynamic calculations {or “default”} (s)
1 WakeMod - Type of wake/induction model (switch) {0=none, 1=BEMT}
2 AFAeroMod - Type of blade airfoil aerodynamics model (switch) {1=steady model, 2=Beddoes-Leishman unsteady model}
0 TwrPotent - Type tower influence on wind based on potential flow around the tower (switch) {0=none, 1=baseline potential flow, 2=potential flow with Bak correction}
False TwrShadow – Calculate tower influence on wind based on downstream tower shadow? (flag)
False TwrAero - Calculate tower aerodynamic loads? (flag)
False FrozenWake - Assume frozen wake during linearization? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1 and when linearizing]
====== Environmental Conditions ===================================================================
1.225 AirDens - Air density (kg/m^3)
1.4639E-05 KinVisc - Kinematic air viscosity (m^2/s)
335 SpdSound - Speed of sound (m/s)
====== Blade-Element/Momentum Theory Options ====================================================== [used only when WakeMod=1]
2 SkewMod - Type of skewed-wake correction model (switch) {1=uncoupled, 2=Pitt/Peters, 3=coupled} [used only when WakeMod=1]
True TipLoss - Use the Prandtl tip-loss model? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1]
True HubLoss - Use the Prandtl hub-loss model? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1]
true TanInd - Include tangential induction in BEMT calculations? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1]
False AIDrag - Include the drag term in the axial-induction calculation? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1]
False TIDrag - Include the drag term in the tangential-induction calculation? (flag) [used only when WakeMod=1 and TanInd=TRUE]
“Default” IndToler - Convergence tolerance for BEMT nonlinear solve residual equation {or “default”} (-) [used only when WakeMod=1]
100 MaxIter - Maximum number of iteration steps (-) [used only when WakeMod=1]
====== Beddoes-Leishman Unsteady Airfoil Aerodynamics Options ===================================== [used only when AFAeroMod=2]
3 UAMod - Unsteady Aero Model Switch (switch) {1=Baseline model (Original), 2=Gonzalez’s variant (changes in Cn,Cc,Cm), 3=Minemma/Pierce variant (changes in Cc and Cm)} [used only when AFAeroMod=2]
True FLookup - Flag to indicate whether a lookup for f’ will be calculated (TRUE) or whether best-fit exponential equations will be used (FALSE); if FALSE S1-S4 must be provided in airfoil input files (flag) [used only when AFAeroMod=2]
====== Airfoil Information =========================================================================
1 InCol_Alfa - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the angle of attack (-)
2 InCol_Cl - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the lift coefficient (-)
3 InCol_Cd - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the drag coefficient (-)
0 InCol_Cm - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the pitching-moment coefficient; use zero if there is no Cm column (-)
0 InCol_Cpmin - The column in the airfoil tables that contains the Cpmin coefficient; use zero if there is no Cpmin column (-)
4 NumAFfiles - Number of airfoil files used (-)
“Airfoils/cylinder.dat” AFNames - Airfoil file names (NumAFfiles lines) (quoted strings)
“Airfoils/s818_2703.dat”
“Airfoils/s825_2103.dat”
“Airfoils/s826_1603.dat”
====== Rotor/Blade Properties =====================================================================
False UseBlCm - Include aerodynamic pitching moment in calculations? (flag)
“WP_Baseline_AeroDyn_blade.dat” ADBlFile(1) - Name of file containing distributed aerodynamic properties for Blade #1 (-)
“WP_Baseline_AeroDyn_blade.dat” ADBlFile(2) - Name of file containing distributed aerodynamic properties for Blade #2 (-) [unused if NumBl < 2]
“WP_Baseline_AeroDyn_blade.dat” ADBlFile(3) - Name of file containing distributed aerodynamic properties for Blade #3 (-) [unused if NumBl < 3]
====== Tower Influence and Aerodynamics ============================================================= [used only when TwrPotent/=0, TwrShadow=True, or TwrAero=True]
2 NumTwrNds - Number of tower nodes used in the analysis (-) [used only when TwrPotent/=0, TwrShadow=True, or TwrAero=True]
TwrElev TwrDiam TwrCd
(m) (m) (-)
0.0000000E+00 5.6200000E+00 0.0000000E+00
8.2390000E+01 2.8200000E+00 0.0000000E+00
====== Outputs ====================================================================================
True SumPrint - Generate a summary file listing input options and interpolated properties to “.AD.sum”? (flag)
0 NBlOuts - Number of blade node outputs [0 - 9] (-)
1, 8, 17 BlOutNd - Blade nodes whose values will be output (-)
0 NTwOuts - Number of tower node outputs [0 - 9] (-)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 TwOutNd - Tower nodes whose values will be output (-)
OutList - The next line(s) contains a list of output parameters. See OutListParameters.xlsx for a listing of available output channels, (-)
“RtTSR”
“RtAeroCp”
“RtSpeed”
“RtAeroPwr”
END of input file (the word “END” must appear in the first 3 columns of this last OutList line)

[/code]

Dear Babak,

Are these files the ones that give you the answer that you expect (correct Cp)? What do you change in these files to get the answer that you don’t expect (low Cp)?

Best regards,

Dear Jason,

In each of the turbines, I change the rotor speed according to the their optimal TSR value(which is 5.6 for 10kW and 7 for 1.5 MW) and different constant wind speeds.
I expect that the Cp to be equal to its maximum value but it is not.
For example in 10KW turbine (rotor radius = 2.9)
Optimal rotor speed for 10m/s wind speed is:
Rotor speed = (5.6*10)/2.9
But the obtained Cp value does not match with Cpmax (=0.42)

Kind regards,

Dear Babak,

OK, so you say at 10 m/s and rotor speed = (5.6*10)/2.9 you get lower Cpmax than you expect. At what wind speed and corresponding rotor speed are you getting the Cpmax that you do expect?

Best regards,

Dear Jason,

Thanks for your reply.
For every wind speed, if I calculate the rotor speed according to the optimal value of the TSR and setting the pitch angle to its optimal value, I expect that the Cp to be its maximum value, right?
So it does not depend on special wind speed. In other words, by for every wind speed by setting rotor speed to its optimal value according to the Optimal TSR, Cp should be maximum.
Maximum Cp value can be achieved for every wind speed if I set rotor speed to its value at MPP.

Kind regards,