With respect to control design I’m trying to determine the translational velocity of the Tower-top / yaw bearing in the inertia frame. The code is Hywind, so the foundation is floating.
I find it a bit difficult, but so fare I got:
h=90 meters
[m/s]=PtfmTVxi -PtfmTVxt +hYawBrRVyp2*pi/360
Is this correct?
BR
Søren Christiansen
PhD student
Aalborg University
Denmark
Dear Søren,
I’m not sure I understand your equation, but you can output the translational velocity of the tower-top / yaw bearing in the inertia frame from FAST as follows:
The nacelle IMU translational velocity outputs are calculated relative to the inertia frame and output in a coordinate system that is aligned with the instantaneous shaft coordinate system.
I hope that helps.
Best regards,
Dear Jason,
Thank you very much. This is exacly what I was looking for.
Some how I missed this important signal.
Thank you for taking the time to answer my simple question.
Best regards
Søren
Dear Jason,
Could you please confirm if my the below understanding is correct. I have seen that answers are available at various places in various topics. Just asking for a favor here to validate my understanding.
Measure 1) TwrTpTDxi:
This is the motion of ‘Yaw bearing’(located on tower axis at TwrHt) observed by an observer
sitting at the origin of an ‘inertial frame’ and expressed in the same frame (XiYiZi).
Measure 2) YawBrTDxp:
This is the motion of ‘Yaw bearing’ (located on tower axis at TwrHt i.e origin of XpYpZp coordinate system) observed by an observer sitting at the origin of the ‘Tower base frame (XtYtZt)’ and expressed in “baseplate coordinate system(XpYpZp)”.
Measure 3) YawBrTDxt:
This is the motion of Yaw bearing (located on tower axis at TwrHt) observed by an observer
sitting at the origin of the ‘tower base frame ((XtYtZt))’ and expressed in “Tower base coordinate system(XtYtZt)”.
Measure(1) contains the rigid motion of support platform (in the case of movable support) and measure(2) and (3) are purely elasic deflections of tower expressed in different coordinate systems. Right?
Measure 4) YawBrRDxt YawBrRDyt YawBrRDzt
These are the instantaneous Euler angles between XpYpZp frame and XtYtZt frame. (In the Yaw-pitch-Roll) sequence.
Measure 5) TipDxb1
The displacement of the blade tip observed by an observer sitting at the origin of the “Cone Coordinate system of the respective blade” and expressed in “Cone coordinate system” itself.
Measure 6) TipDxc1
The displacement of the blade tip observed by an observer sitting at the origin of “blade Coordinate system of the respective blade” and expressed in “blade coordinate system” itself.
Measure 7) TipALxb1
The acceleration of the blade tip observed by an observer sitting at the origin of the “Inertial” Coordinate system and expressed in “inertial coordinate system” itself.
Thanks.
Regards,
Kumara
Dear @KumaraRaja.Eedara,
I agree with your description of measures (1) through (3).
Regarding measure (4), I agree with your statement except that the rotations do not follow a yaw-pitch-roll Euler sequence. Instead, small to moderate rotations are assumed in ElastoDyn, where the rotation sequence does not matter. See the Equations (1) and (2) in my 2009 Wind Energy Paper for more information: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/we.347.
You’ve swapped the descriptions of measure (5) and (6). “b” refers to the blade coordinate system and “c” refers to the coned coordinate system.
Measure (7) is the absolute acceleration in the inertial frame, but it is expressed in the local blade coordinate system (Lb, oriented with the blade cross section as the blade deflects), not the inertial frame coordinate system.
Best regards,
Thank you @Jason.Jonkman
Dear @Jason.Jonkman ,
Is NcIMU only for outputting velocity and acceleration? Different position of NcIMU will output the corresponding velocity/acceleration at that position, but it will not affect the system behavior?
Regards,
Ran
That is correct.
Best regards,
Hi,
I have a local drivetrain model that requires:
No. 1 is readily available in terms of TwrTpTDxi, TwrTpTDyi and TwrTpTDzi.
For no. 2 I have been using TwHt1RPxi, …yi and …zi with a tower gage at the node closest to the tower top. As far as I understand, this is output at half an element below the tower top (?), but I believe the differences are small enough (I have 79 nodes evenly distributed over the tower length of 115 m). Any other suggestion would be appreciated.
My main concern is with regards to no. 3.
Here I am using the nacelle IMU velocities and accelerations. Since these are output in the shaft coordinate system, I need to transform the measurements to the inertia reference frame. I am following the transformations presented in the “FASTCoordinateSystems.doc” at the ElastoDyn documentation site. Most of this is clear and I am able to follow. However, with regards to the transformation between tower top and tower base, I am not sure what values to use for theta_SS(TwrFlexL) and theta_FA(TwrFlexL).
I see some possible options, either:
Would be really grateful for some input here. I have the same requirement for hub/shaft loads, but since they also follow the shaft coordinate system, I believe I can use the same procedure as with the motions.
Best regards,
Veronica
Dear @Veronica.Krathe,
One high-level question first. Is the local drivetrain model you have something you are trying to couple to OpenFAST in a post-processing step (one-way coupled involving first running OpenFAST, followed by running your local drivetrain model), or are you trying to couple the local drivetrain model within the source code every time step (two-way coupled)? If the former, your questions make sense and I’ll answer them. If the latter, I would suggest a different approach that doesn’t make use of the OutList from ElastoDyn.
Best regards,
Dear @Jason.Jonkman
I am trying to do the one-way coupled/post-processing step, not a two-way coupled analysis.
Thanks for clarifying.
Best regards,
Dear @Veronica.Krathe,
ThetaFA and ThetaSS at the tower top/yaw bearing are already available outputs from ElastoDyn via OutList outputs YawBrRDyt and YawBrRDxt (you’ll have to convert from degrees to radians and the sign may need to be flipped depending on which coordinate systems you are considering).
Best regards,
Simple as that.
Just to verify - is it correct that:
q_R, q_Y and q_P in the transformation between the tower base and the inertia coordinate system should be taken as PtfmRoll, PtfmYaw and PtfmPitch?
q_Yaw in the nacelle coordinate system can be found as YawPzn in the OutList outputs?
(All of them should be converted to radians, I presume).
Thanks for your quick response!
