Challenges in designing TMD controller

Wind & Water Controls
41

Hi Jason

Recently I have had some problems putting TMD into the platform and I hope you could give me some advice.

I only opened platform PtfmPDOF, tower TwFADOF1 and TMD DOF for the Barge floating turbine. The external working condition was set as no wind and still water. The initial pitch Angle of the platform was set at 10 degrees to enable the structure to achieve self-attenuating motion(or TMD does not reflect the load reduction effect), and a TMD was placed in the platform.

The problem is that although TMD works normally, there is no attenuation effect. I guess there’s something wrong with the Settings. I put the STC file and output file below.

I hope you could give me some advice.

Best regards.

------- STRUCTURAL CONTROL (StC) INPUT FILE ----------------------------
Input file for tuned mass damper, module by Matt Lackner, Meghan Glade, and Semyung Park (UMass)
---------------------- SIMULATION CONTROL --------------------------------------
True          Echo         - Echo input data to <RootName>.ech (flag)
---------------------- StC DEGREES OF FREEDOM ----------------------------------
          1   StC_DOF_MODE - DOF mode (switch) {0: No StC or TLCD DOF; 1: StC_X_DOF, StC_Y_DOF, and/or StC_Z_DOF (three independent StC DOFs); 2: StC_XY_DOF (Omni-Directional StC); 3: TLCD; 4: Prescribed force/moment time series}
true          StC_X_DOF    - DOF on or off for StC X (flag) [Used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1]
FALSE          StC_Y_DOF    - DOF on or off for StC Y (flag) [Used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1]
FALSE         StC_Z_DOF    - DOF on or off for StC Z (flag) [Used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1]
---------------------- StC LOCATION ------------------------------------------- [relative to the reference origin of component attached to]
          0   StC_P_X      - At rest X position of StC (m)
          0  StC_P_Y      - At rest Y position of StC (m)
          0  StC_P_Z      - At rest Z position of StC (m)
---------------------- StC INITIAL CONDITIONS --------------------------------- [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 or 2]
          0   StC_X_DSP    - StC X initial displacement (m) [relative to at rest position]
          0   StC_Y_DSP    - StC Y initial displacement (m) [relative to at rest position]
          0   StC_Z_DSP    - StC Z initial displacement (m) [relative to at rest position; used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
---------------------- StC CONFIGURATION -------------------------------------- [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 or 2]
        8   StC_X_PSP    - Positive stop position (maximum X mass displacement) (m)
       -8   StC_X_NSP    - Negative stop position (minimum X mass displacement) (m)
         0   StC_Y_PSP    - Positive stop position (maximum Y mass displacement) (m)
         0   StC_Y_NSP    - Negative stop position (minimum Y mass displacement) (m)
         0   StC_Z_PSP    - Positive stop position (maximum Z mass displacement) (m) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
         0   StC_Z_NSP    - Negative stop position (minimum Z mass displacement) (m) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
---------------------- StC MASS, STIFFNESS, & DAMPING ------------------------- [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 or 2]
     307500    StC_X_M      - StC X mass (kg) [must equal StC_Y_M for StC_DOF_MODE = 2]
          0   StC_Y_M      - StC Y mass (kg) [must equal StC_X_M for StC_DOF_MODE = 2]
          0   StC_Z_M      - StC Z mass (kg) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
          0   StC_XY_M     - StC XY mass (kg) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=2]
      87502   StC_X_K      - StC X stiffness (N/m)
          0   StC_Y_K      - StC Y stiffness (N/m)
          0   StC_Z_K      - StC Z stiffness (N/m) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
      44000   StC_X_C      - StC X damping (N/(m/s))
          0  StC_Y_C      - StC Y damping (N/(m/s))
          0   StC_Z_C      - StC Z damping (N/(m/s)) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
     10000000   StC_X_KS     - Stop spring X stiffness (N/m)
          0   StC_Y_KS     - Stop spring Y stiffness (N/m)
          0   StC_Z_KS     - Stop spring Z stiffness (N/m) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
     10000000   StC_X_CS     - Stop spring X damping (N/(m/s))
          0   StC_Y_CS     - Stop spring Y damping (N/(m/s))
          0   StC_Z_CS     - Stop spring Z damping (N/(m/s)) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
---------------------- StC USER-DEFINED SPRING FORCES ------------------------- [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 or 2]
False         Use_F_TBL    - Use spring force from user-defined table (flag)
         17   NKInpSt      - Number of spring force input stations
---------------------- StC SPRING FORCES TABLE -------------------------------- [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 or 2]
    X                F_X               Y              F_Y              Z              F_Z
   (m)               (N)              (m)             (N)             (m)             (N)
-6.0000000E+00  -4.8000000E+06  -6.0000000E+00  -4.8000000E+06  -6.0000000E+00  -4.8000000E+06
-5.0000000E+00  -2.4000000E+06  -5.0000000E+00  -2.4000000E+06  -5.0000000E+00  -2.4000000E+06
-4.5000000E+00  -1.2000000E+06  -4.5000000E+00  -1.2000000E+06  -4.5000000E+00  -1.2000000E+06
-4.0000000E+00  -6.0000000E+05  -4.0000000E+00  -6.0000000E+05  -4.0000000E+00  -6.0000000E+05
-3.5000000E+00  -3.0000000E+05  -3.5000000E+00  -3.0000000E+05  -3.5000000E+00  -3.0000000E+05
-3.0000000E+00  -1.5000000E+05  -3.0000000E+00  -1.5000000E+05  -3.0000000E+00  -1.5000000E+05
-2.5000000E+00  -1.0000000E+05  -2.5000000E+00  -1.0000000E+05  -2.5000000E+00  -1.0000000E+05
-2.0000000E+00  -6.5000000E+04  -2.0000000E+00  -6.5000000E+04  -2.0000000E+00  -6.5000000E+04
 0.0000000E+00   0.0000000E+00   0.0000000E+00   0.0000000E+00   0.0000000E+00   0.0000000E+00
 2.0000000E+00   6.5000000E+04   2.0000000E+00   6.5000000E+04   2.0000000E+00   6.5000000E+04
 2.5000000E+00   1.0000000E+05   2.5000000E+00   1.0000000E+05   2.5000000E+00   1.0000000E+05
 3.0000000E+00   1.5000000E+05   3.0000000E+00   1.5000000E+05   3.0000000E+00   1.5000000E+05
 3.5000000E+00   3.0000000E+05   3.5000000E+00   3.0000000E+05   3.5000000E+00   3.0000000E+05
 4.0000000E+00   6.0000000E+05   4.0000000E+00   6.0000000E+05   4.0000000E+00   6.0000000E+05
 4.5000000E+00   1.2000000E+06   4.5000000E+00   1.2000000E+06   4.5000000E+00   1.2000000E+06
 5.0000000E+00   2.4000000E+06   5.0000000E+00   2.4000000E+06   5.0000000E+00   2.4000000E+06
 6.0000000E+00   4.8000000E+06   6.0000000E+00   4.8000000E+06   6.0000000E+00   4.8000000E+06
---------------------- StructCtrl CONTROL -------------------------------------------- [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 or 2]
          0   StC_CMODE     - Control mode (switch) {0:none; 1: Semi-Active Control Mode; 2: Active Control Mode}
          1   StC_SA_MODE   - Semi-Active control mode {1: velocity-based ground hook control; 2: Inverse velocity-based ground hook control; 3: displacement-based ground hook control 4: Phase difference Algorithm with Friction Force 5: Phase difference Algorithm with Damping Force} (-)
          0   StC_X_C_HIGH  - StC X high damping for ground hook control
          0   StC_X_C_LOW   - StC X low damping for ground hook control
          0   StC_Y_C_HIGH  - StC Y high damping for ground hook control
          0   StC_Y_C_LOW   - StC Y low damping for ground hook control
          0   StC_Z_C_HIGH  - StC Z high damping for ground hook control [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
          0   StC_Z_C_LOW   - StC Z low damping for ground hook control  [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
          0   StC_X_C_BRAKE - StC X high damping for braking the StC (Don't use it now. should be zero)
          0   StC_Y_C_BRAKE - StC Y high damping for braking the StC (Don't use it now. should be zero)
          0   StC_Z_C_BRAKE - StC Z high damping for braking the StC (Don't use it now. should be zero) [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=1 and StC_Z_DOF=TRUE]
---------------------- TLCD --------------------------------------------------- [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=3]
     7.9325   L_X             - X TLCD total length (m)
     6.5929   B_X             - X TLCD horizontal length (m)
     2.0217   area_X          - X TLCD cross-sectional area of vertical column (m^2)
      0.913   area_ratio_X    - X TLCD cross-sectional area ratio (vertical column area divided by horizontal column area) (-)
     2.5265   headLossCoeff_X - X TLCD head loss coeff (-)
       1000   rho_X           - X TLCD liquid density (kg/m^3)
     3.5767   L_Y             - Y TLCD total length (m)
     2.1788   B_Y             - Y TLCD horizontal length (m)
     1.2252   area_Y          - Y TLCD cross-sectional area of vertical column (m^2)
     2.7232   area_ratio_Y    - Y TLCD cross-sectional area ratio (vertical column area divided by horizontal column area) (-)
     0.6433   headLossCoeff_Y - Y TLCD head loss coeff (-)
       1000   rho_Y           - Y TLCD liquid density (kg/m^3)
---------------------- PRESCRIBED TIME SERIES --------------------------------- [used only when StC_DOF_MODE=4]
          0   PrescribedForcesCoord- Prescribed forces are in global or local coordinates (switch) {1: global; 2: local}
"TimeForceSeries.dat"  PrescribedForcesFile   - Time series force and moment (7 columns of time, FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, MZ)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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42

Dear @YingHao.Zhang,

Presumably when you say “barge floating turbine”, you mean that you are using the OpenFAST model of the NREL 5-MW baseline wind turbine atop the ITI Energy barge; is that correct?

When you say that there is “no attenuation effect”, do you mean that you don’t see any effect of the TMD, or that the effect is smaller than you expect it should be?

It looks like you’ve placed the x-direction TMD at the platform reference point, so, the TMD will only provide a moment arm to reduce platform pitch when the TMD displacement is nonzero. I can see that such a TMD would like have a small effect on platform pitch (and, subsequently tower deflection).

Which version of OpenFAST are you using?

Best regards,

43

Hi Jason

First of all, Let me add to my question:

  1. My test model is the NREL 5-MW baseline wind turbine atop the ITI Energy barge.
  2. I hardly see what TMD does when compared to when TMD is not added. (I expect TMD to speed up the platform and tower decay process).
  3. The version I use is openfast3.0.

According to your suggestion, I changed the version to openfast3.1, and this problem has been solved. With the same configuration, it can be found that the attenuation process of platform and tower is significantly accelerated. The effect pairs are shown below.
I am curious about how the new version solves this problem. Could you please give me some introduction?

Best regards.

1
11920×962 102 KB

1 Like
44

Dear @YingHao.Zhang,

Given that the substructure-based TMD was new functionality first introduced in OpenFAST v3, there were bugs that were fixed in v3.1. I’m glad upgrading solved your problem

Best regards,

1 Like