Question on AeroDyn nodal relative wind speed, Vrel

Dear Daniel,

In AeroDyn v15.03, which is what I’m presuming you are using, AeroDyn forced the axial (a) and tangential (a’) inductions to 1 and -1 at the tip node, respectively, when the Prantl tip-loss model was enabled (TipLoss = True), which is why Vrel equals zero at the tip when SkewMod = 1. The same thing should have also happened with SkewMod = 2, but a bug in AeroDyn v15.03 allowed a and a’ to differ from 1 and -1 at the tip.

The limit that a goes to 1 at the tip follows directly from the Prandtl tip-loss model. However, after further consideration, we decided that a’ should not approach -1 at the tip, but should instead by 0 when the Prandtl tip-loss model is enabled. In the newer version of AeroDyn that has not yet been publicly released: github.com/NWTC/AeroDyn (also discussed here: FAST v8 AeroDyn v15 convergence problems for low-speed, high-turbulence - #2 by Jason.Jonkman), among other changes, we fixed the problem with SkewMod = 2 and now force a’ = 0 at the tip when the Prandtl tip-loss model is enabled.

Normally we recommend to use SkewMod = 2 with WakeMod = 1, except for extreme skew angles (much greater than 45 degrees), where SkewMod = 2 is invalid.

Best regards,